She rejected the high school nearest her home when she complained that the chemistry lab was "just like a kitchen sink". The next record attempt was a nonstop flight from Mexico City to New York. Amelia was born in 1897 and her sister Muriel in 1899. Most historians hold to the simple "crash and sink" theory, but a number of other possibilities have been proposed, including several conspiracy theories. Further, a review of sonar data concluded it was most likely a coral ridge. ", "Earhart broke social and aviation barriers, Clinton say..", "Amelia Earhart: Hawaii celebrates the great aviator", "Earhart beacon shines from lonely island. She made it as far as New Guinea. [71][75] The luggage line that she promoted (marketed as Modernaire Earhart Luggage) also bore her unmistakable stamp. Ric Gillespie, head of TIGHAR, claimed that the aluminum panel artifact has the same dimensions and rivet pattern as the one shown in the photo "to a high degree of certainty". [272], In 1990, Donald Angwin, a veteran of the Australian Army's World War II campaign in New Britain, contacted researchers to suggest that a wrecked aircraft he had witnessed in jungle about 40 miles (64km) southwest of Rabaul, on April 17, 1945, may have been Earhart's Electra. If the vacuum tube is not powered, there would only be stray coupling. With financing from Purdue,[Note 17] in July 1936, a Lockheed Electra 10E (reg. Earhart stood her ground as the aircraft came close. [43], On October 22, 1922, Earhart flew the Airster to an altitude of 14,000 feet (4,300m), setting a world record for female pilots. [280][281], The home where Earhart was born is now the Amelia Earhart Birthplace Museum and is maintained by The Ninety-Nines, an international group of female pilots of whom Earhart was the first elected president. Amelia was divorced from Mr. Putnam I believe in l935- the cause was never made public. ", "Model, Static, Pitcairn PCA-2 ("Beech-Nut"). [167] A dorsal Vee antenna was added by Bell Telephone Laboratories. Amelia Earhart received a license to pass as the 16th woman in the history of the world. ", "American Experience: Amelia Earhart: The Price of Courage (1993)", "Amelia Earhart: The Final Flight (1994). In 1895, after several years of courtship, Amy Otis married Edwin Stanton Earhart, a poor, young lawyer who had yet to prove himself truly worthy to the Otises' satisfaction. [151] The Electra also loaded 900 gallons of fuel for the shorter Honolulu to Howland leg (with only Earhart, Noonan, and Manning on board), but the airplane crashed on take off; the crash ended the first world flight attempt. Jackie Cochran, another pioneering aviator and one of Earhart's friends, made a postwar search of numerous files in Japan and was convinced that the Japanese were not involved in Earhart's disappearance. Ballard was intrigued by documented radio signal bearings that intersect near Nikumaroro, although they were taken from different locations and at different times. ", "Parks Airport Lockheed Vega 5C Special NX/NR/NC965Y. On September 23, 1940, Gallagher radioed his superiors that he had found a "skeleton possibly that of a woman", along with an old-fashioned sextant box (later revealed to have been left during a recent hydrographic survey),[Note 50] under a tree on the island's southeast corner. [276] Irene Bolam, who had been a banker in New York during the 1940s, denied being Earhart, filed a lawsuit requesting $1.5million in damages and submitted a lengthy affidavit in which she rebutted the claims. The Electra's RDF equipment had failed due to a blown fuse during an earlier leg flying to Darwin; the fuse was replaced. Earhart was also unable to determine a minimum during an RDF test at Lae. [199], The official search efforts lasted until July 19, 1937. Amelia had a sister named Muriel. There is no identification on the backs. In her last known transmission at 8:43am Earhart broadcast "We are on the line 157 337. She emerged from the broken wooden box that had served as a sled with a bruised lip, torn dress and a "sensation of exhilaration". [130] Manning was not only a navigator, but he was also a pilot and a skilled radio operator who knew Morse code. She broke records and charted new skies in the course of her short life. [70][Note 7] The United Press was more grandiloquent; to them, Earhart was the reigning "Queen of the Air". At this stage, about 22,000 miles (35,000km) of the journey had been completed. Amelia preferred the more benign weather of the west coast for flying and based her later years' operation from California rather than the east coast. Amelia Earhart (1898/07/24 - 1937/07/02) Aviadora estadounidense La primera mujer que cruz el Atlntico en avin. The original source of the photo was a Japanese travel guide published in October 1935, implying that the photograph was taken in 1935 or before, and thus would be unrelated to Earhart and Noonan's 1937 disappearance. An RA-1B receiver has a band that stops at 1500kHz; the next band starts at 1800kHz (A model frequency range) or 2500kHz (B model) (see. Father of Unnamed Infant Earhart , Amelia Mary Earhart and Grace Muriel (Earhart) Morrissey Died 23 Sep 1930 at age 63 in Los Angeles, California, United States [uncertain] Profile manager: Clarence Otis [ send private message ] Profile last modified 22 Dec 2020 | Created 14 Nov 2008 This page has been accessed 15,034 times. Earhart never reported receiving signals on 3105 or 6210kHz; she did report receiving a 7500kHz signal on the direction finder. [151][Note 23] The model 20B receiver has two antenna inputs: a low-frequency antenna input and a high-frequency antenna input. Some have suggested that Earhart and Noonan survived and landed elsewhere, but were either never found or killed, making en-route locations like Tarawa unlikely. Earhart is generally regarded as a feminist icon. The loop antenna is visible above the cockpit on Earhart's plane. Putnam handled publicity for the school that primarily taught instrument flying using Link Trainers. During a flight across the country that included Earhart, Manning, and Putnam, Earhart flew using landmarks. Earhart asked, The plane apparently only heard transmissions on 7500kHz, but. In 1904, with the help of her uncle, Earhart cobbled together a home-made ramp, fashioned after a roller coaster she had seen on a trip to St. Louis, and secured the ramp to the roof of the family toolshed. She was a Vice President of National Airways, which conducted the flying operations of the Boston-Maine Airways and several other airlines in the northeast. When the Stultz, Gordon, and Earhart flight crew returned to the United States on July 6, they were greeted with a ticker-tape parade along the Canyon of Heroes in Manhattan, followed by a reception with President Calvin Coolidge at the White House. "The Enduring Mystery of Amelia Earhart's Disappearance Maybe Finally Coming To an End". The flight's opposite direction was partly the result of changes in global wind and weather patterns along the planned route since the earlier attempt. [90][91][92][93], During this period, Earhart became involved with The Ninety-Nines, an organization of female pilots providing moral support and advancing the cause of women in aviation. Amelia"s mother, Amy Otis Earhart, survived untii l963, dying on Halloween of that year. reported that he and other members of a forward patrol on Japanese-occupied New Britain had found a wrecked twin-engined, unpainted all-metal aircraft. To reach and land there would have required Earhart and Noonan, though low on fuel, to change her northeast course as she neared Howland Island and fly hundreds of miles northwest, a feat "not supported by the basic rules of geography and navigation. [212], David Jourdan, a former Navy submariner and ocean engineer specializing in deep-sea recoveries, has claimed that any transmissions attributed to Gardner Island were false. [25] She later described the biplane as "a thing of rusty wire and wood and not at all interesting".[26]. Signals from the ship would also be used for direction finding, implying that the aircraft's direction finder was also not functional. [121] The race had been a particularly difficult one, as a competitor, Cecil Allen, died in a fiery takeoff mishap, and rival Jacqueline Cochran was forced to pull out due to mechanical problems. In addition, "blinding fog"[122] and violent thunderstorms plagued the race. Alternatively, the loop antenna may have been connected to a Bendix RA-1 auxiliary receiver with direction finding capability up to 1500kHz. American aviation pioneer and author (18971937), "Earhart" redirects here. [Note 29] The radio direction finding station at Darwin expected to be in contact with Earhart when she arrived there, but Earhart stated that the RDF was not functioning; the problem was a blown fuse. [254], In 1990, the NBC series Unsolved Mysteries broadcast an interview with a Saipanese woman who claimed to have witnessed Earhart and Noonan's execution by Japanese soldiers. Amelia was the oldest daughter of Edwin and Amy Otis Earhart. [64] There is a commemorative blue plaque at the site. Johnson estimated that 900 gallons of fuel would provide 40% more range than required for that leg. Genealogy chart showing how Amelia Earhart (Aviation Pioneer) is the 7th cousin 2 times removed to Lee Remick (Movie Actress) via their common ancestor of John Otis Jr.. On July 2, 1937 at 10:00 in the morning (midnight GMT), Earhart and Noonan took off from Lae Airfield (.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}064359S 1465945E / 6.73306S 146.99583E / -6.73306; 146.99583)[147] in the heavily loaded Electra. ", "Amelia Earhart's pilot's license, leather and paper, Issued May 16, 1923 (One Life: Amelia Earhart). On March 17, 1937, Earhart and her crew flew the first leg from Oakland, California, to Honolulu, Hawaii. [192][Note 39][193][Note 40] Sporadic signals were reported for four or five days after the disappearance but none yielded any understandable information. Setting off on May 8, her flight was uneventful, although the large crowds that greeted her at Newark, New Jersey, were a concern,[120] because she had to be careful not to taxi into the throng. The plane had a modified Western Electric model 20B receiver. 9 on its list of the "51 Heroes of Aviation". [80], Although Earhart had gained fame for her transatlantic flight, she endeavored to set an "untarnished" record of her own. The Lost Evidence was quickly discredited, however, after Japanese blogger Kota Yamano found the original source of the photograph in the Archives in the National Diet Library Digital Collection. For this achievement Vice President Charles Curtis awarded her the Distinguished Flying Cross on July 29, 1932. and a realistic portrait of a legendary woman. Amy Otis Earhart, the mother of the aviatrix heroine, always remained hopeful her daughter might resurface despite Earhart's disappearance in July 1937 during her flight over the Pacific.. [175] Earhart's only training on the system was a brief introduction by Joe Gurr at the Lockheed factory, and the topic had not come up. Quote: "She vanished nearly 60 years ago, but fascination with Amelia Earhart continues through each new generation. The transmitter had been modified at the factory to provide the 500kHz capability. Owing to the weather-beaten condition of all the bones it is impossible to be dogmatic in regard to the age of the person at the time of death, but I am of the opinion that he was not less than 45 years of age and that probably he was older: say between 45 and 55 years." Billings claims that the serial numbers written on the map, "600H/P S3HI C/N1055", represent: These would be consistent with a Lockheed Electra 10E, such as that flown by Earhart, although they do not contain enough information to identify the wreck in question as NR16020. Amelia Mary Earhart was born on July 24, 1897, the daughter of Edwin and Amy Otis Earhart. Hawks gave her a ride that would forever change Earhart's life. Following her parents' divorce in 1924, she drove her mother in the "Yellow Peril" on a transcontinental trip from California with stops throughout the western United States and a jaunt up to Banff, Alberta. Additionally, the researcher who discovered the photo also identified the ship in the right of the photo as another ship called Koshu, seized by Allied Japanese forces during World War I, and not the Koshu Maru. All of the navigation methods would fail to guide Earhart to Howland Island. 2nd right rib): (6) left humerus: (7) right radius: (8) right innominate bone: (9) right femur: (10) left femur: (11) right tibia: (12) right fibula: and (13) the right scaphoid bone of the foot.". (photograph). She disappeared while she was on a flight around the world. In 1895, after several years of courtship, AO married Edwin Stanton Earhart (ESE), a poor, young lawyer who had yet to prove himself truly worthy to the Otises' satisfaction. 20202 Aptos St., Riverside, CA 92508. ", "Cousin: Japanese captured Amelia Earhart", "Japanese Blogger Points Out Timeline Flaw In Supposed Earhart Photo", "Smithsonian Curator Weighs In on Photo That Allegedly Shows Amelia Earhart in Japanese Captivity", "Aircraft Search Project in Papua New Guinea. Morey, Eileen. [190][191] It was noted at the time that if these signals were from Earhart and Noonan, they must have been on land with the aircraft since water would have otherwise shorted out the Electra's electrical system. Consequently, with no immediate prospects for recouping her investment in flying, Earhart sold the "Canary" as well as a second Kinner and bought a yellow Kissel Gold Bug "Speedster" two-seat automobile, which she named the "Yellow Peril". Earhart began whistling into the microphone to provide a continual signal for them to home in on. [Note 28], There were problems with the RDF equipment during the world flight. But many don't realize that unless they've seen the original Times article, they probably missed some or all of the most revealing and provocative statements Amy made that day. [204], Back in the United States, Putnam acted to become the trustee of Earhart's estate so that he could pay for the searches and related bills. [23][24] Her father tried to interest his daughters in taking a flight. The remaining 7,000 miles (11,000km) would be over the Pacific. Although a good student, Earhart cut short her time at Ogontz when she became a nursing assistant in Canada. By 1940, the company had become Northeast Airlines. After her first successful solo landing, she bought a new leather flying coat. During the takeoff run, there was an uncontrolled ground-loop, the forward landing gear collapsed, both propellers hit the ground, the plane skidded on its belly, and a portion of the runway was damaged. The search locations were derived from the line of position (157337) broadcast by Earhart on July 2, 1937. [Note 32] Another cited cause of possible confusion was that the Itasca and Earhart planned their communication schedule using time systems set a half-hour apart, with Earhart using Greenwich Civil Time (GCT) and the Itasca under a Naval time zone designation system. [Note 27] In the later DU-1 design, the coupler need not be powered. Stan Herd created the 1-acre (4,000m, Greater Miami Aviation Association Amelia Earhart Award for outstanding achievement (2006); first recipient: noted flyer, Amelia Earhart full size bronze statue was placed at the, The Amelia Earhart General Aviation Terminal, a satellite terminal at Boston's, Schools named after Earhart are found throughout the United States including the Amelia Earhart Elementary School, in, To commemorate her first transatlantic flight, on the Millennium Coastal Path at Pwll, Burry Port, South Wales is a, In 2022, Kansas added a statue of Earhart in the, Possibly the first tribute album dedicated to the legend of Earhart was by, "In Search of: Amelia Earhart", (1976) was episode 16 of the 19761982, Earhart was one of several inspiring women represented by a new line of, Woman's world altitude record: 14,000ft (1922), First woman to fly the Atlantic Ocean (1928), Speed records for 100km (and with 500lb (230kg) cargo) (1931), Altitude record for autogyros: 18,415ft (1931), First woman to cross the United States in an autogyro (1931), First woman to fly the Atlantic solo (1932), First person to fly the Atlantic twice (1932), First woman to receive the Distinguished Flying Cross (1932), First woman to fly nonstop, coast-to-coast across the U.S. (1932), Women's speed transcontinental record (1933), First person to fly solo between Honolulu, Hawaii, and Oakland, California (1935), First person to fly solo from Los Angeles to Mexico City (1935), First person to fly solo nonstop from Mexico City to Newark, New Jersey (1935), Speed record for east-to-west flight from Oakland, California, to Honolulu, Hawaii (1937). The Think Different advert features images of people that changed the world for the better. ", by W. David Lewis, in. ", "Public to get first look at Amelia Earhart's private life. Edwin was a railroad lawyer. Earhart made an unusual condition in the choice of her next schooling; she canvassed nearby high schools in Chicago to find the best science program. The cutter offered many services such as ferrying news reporters to the island, but it also had communication and navigation functions. [149] One likely theory is that Earhart's RDF equipment did not work at 7500kHz; most RDF equipment at the time was not designed to work above 2000kHz. Amy was a homemaker who was also involved in social work and women's suffrage movements. An Itasca radio log (position 1) at 7:307:40am states: EARHART ON NW SEZ RUNNING OUT OF GAS ONLY 1/2 HOUR LEFT CANT HR US AT ALL / WE HR HER AND ARE SENDING ON 3105 ES 500 SAME TIME CONSTANTLY[180]. Earhart was inspired to create a home version of the roller coaster she saw at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. Although Earhart and Putnam never had children, he had two sons by his previous marriage to Dorothy Binney (18881982),[101] a chemical heiress whose father's company, Binney & Smith, invented Crayola crayons:[102] the explorer and writer David Binney Putnam (19131992) and George Palmer Putnam, Jr. Amelia Earhart [born on July 24, 1897 ] was the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean and one of America's most celebrated aviators. In 1895, after several years of courtship, AO married Edwin Stanton Earhart (ESE), a poor, young lawyer who had yet to prove himself truly worthy to the Otises' satisfaction. Wait." Earhart had her first lesson on January 3, 1921, at Kinner Field on the west side of Long Beach Boulevard and Tweedy Road,[51] now in the city of South Gate. [151] Elgen and Marie Long describe Joe Gurr training Earhart to use a Bendix receiver and other equipment to tune radio station KFI on 640kHz and determine its direction. Amelia Earhart, fondly known as "Lady Lindy," was an American aviator who mysteriously disappeared in 1937 while trying to circumnavigate the globe from the equator. [95] During the same period, Earhart and publisher George P. Putnam had spent a great deal of time together. Presumably, the plane reached the parallel sun line and started searching for Howland on that line of position. Amelia Earhart to Amy Otis Earhart, 1931 - March 1932. This delayed the occupation of their new home for several months. After recuperation, she returned to Columbia University for several months but was forced to abandon her studies and any further plans for enrolling at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, because her mother could no longer afford the tuition fees and associated costs. When Amelia Jane Otis was born on 28 February 1869, in Atchison, Atchison, Kansas, United States, her father, Alfred Gideon Otis, was 41 and her mother, Amelia Josephine Harres, was 32. The team departed from Trepassey Harbor, Newfoundland, in a Fokker F.VIIb/3m named "Friendship" on June 17, 1928, landing at Pwll near Burry Port, South Wales, exactly 20 hours and 40 minutes later. The many scattered clouds in the area around Howland Island have also been cited as a problem: their dark shadows on the ocean surface may have been almost indistinguishable from the island's subdued and very flat profile. She is ranked ninth on Flying's list of the 51 Heroes of Aviation. [149] Itasca heard Earhart on 3105kHz, but did not hear her on 6210kHz. Safford disputes a "sun line" theory and proposes that Noonan asked Earhart to fly 157337 magnetic or to fly at right angles to the original track on northsouth courses. (19212013). If transmissions were received from the Electra, most if not all were weak and hopelessly garbled. [264][265], A number of Earhart's relatives have been convinced that the Japanese were somehow involved in Amelia's disappearance, citing unnamed witnesses including Japanese troops and Saipan natives. [164][165] It is not clear where the RDF-1-B or Earhart's coupler performance sits between those two units. Amelia Earhart Field (1947), formerly Masters Field and. [166], The antennas and their connections on the Electra are not certain. The later typewritten note has the word medieval incorrectly spelled. [279], Earhart's accomplishments in aviation inspired a generation of female aviators, including the more than 1,000 women pilots of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) who ferried military aircraft, towed gliders, flew target practice aircraft, and served as transport pilots during World War II. [159], Whichever receiver was used, there are pictures of Earhart's radio direction finder loop antenna and its 5-band Bendix coupling unit. "Amelia Rose Earhart completes round-the-world flight. [275], In November 2006, the National Geographic Channel aired episode two of the Undiscovered History series about a claim that Earhart survived the world flight, moved to New Jersey, changed her name, remarried and became Irene Craigmile Bolam. ", "Amelia Earhart's Flight Across America: Rediscovering a Legend. Elgen and Marie Long claim that the coupling unit adapted a standard RDF-1-B loop to the RA-1 receiver, and that the system was limited to frequencies below 1430kHz. "[66], Earhart reportedly received a rousing welcome on June 19, 1928, when she landed at Woolston in Southampton, England. The United States Navy (USN) soon joined the search and over a period of about three days sent available resources to the search area in the vicinity of Howland Island. The Otis house was auctioned along with all of its contents; Earhart was heartbroken and later described it as the end of her childhood. "[172], Earhart's stepson George Palmer Putnam Jr. has been quoted as saying he believes "the plane just ran out of gas". A week after Earhart disappeared, Navy planes from USS Colorado (which had sailed from Pearl Harbor) searched Gardner Island. Noonan also navigated the China Clipper on its first flight to Manila, departing Alameda under the command of Captain Ed Musick, on November 22, 1935. It should also be noted that questioners who spell her last name . It is not certain, but it is likely that the dorsal antenna was only connected to the transmitter (i.e., no "break in" relay), and the ventral antenna was only connected to the receiver. And on July 2, she took off from there for tiny Howland Island on a 2,556-mile flight that would be one of her longest and most dangerous. The flight resumed three days later from Luke Field with Earhart, Noonan and Manning on board. [124] Putnam had already sold his interest in the New York-based publishing company to his cousin, Palmer Putnam. We will repeat this message. The marketing campaign by both Earhart and Putnam was successful in establishing the Earhart mystique in the public psyche. Letter, Hooven to Goerner, December 5, 1966. The Importance of Amelia Earhart. While the family's finances seemingly improved with the acquisition of a new house and even the hiring of two servants, it soon became apparent that Edwin was an alcoholic. The unresolved circumstances of Earhart's disappearance, along with her fame, attracted a great body of other claims relating to her last flight. They could not send voice at the frequency she asked for, so Morse code signals were sent instead. Noonan had recently left Pan Am, where he established most of the company's China Clipper seaplane routes across the Pacific. In 2001, another commemorative flight retraced the route undertaken by Earhart in her August 1928 transcontinental record flight. Earhart and her. In probate court in Los Angeles, Putnam requested to have the "declared death in absentia" seven-year waiting period waived so that he could manage Earhart's finances. We are flying at 1,000 feet. Wait. [38] Her sinus-related symptoms were pain and pressure around one eye and copious mucus drainage via the nostrils and throat. In the RDF-1-A design, the coupler must be powered on for that design function to work. The picture showed a Caucasian male on a dock who appeared to look like Noonan and a woman sitting on the dock but facing away from the camera, who was judged to have a physique and haircut resembling Earhart's. During this visit, Bevington took a picture of the SS. Both would live in Medford for many years with Morrisey teaching English the school system for 40 years and being active in local and civic organizations, including the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Medford Historical . Amelia Earhart videotape collection. (Harres) Otis. With the radio contact, the plane should have been able to use radio direction finding (RDF) to head directly for the Itasca and Howland. Henri Keyzer-Andre, a former Pan Am pilot, propounded this view in his 1993 book Age Of Heroes: Incredible Adventures of a Pan Am Pilot and his Greatest Triumph, Unravelling the Mystery of Amelia Earhart. [43] She was booked for a passenger flight the following day at Emory Roger's Field, at the corner[52] of Wilshire Boulevard and Fairfax Avenue. On this second flight, Fred Noonan was Earhart's only crew member. These reports were roughly 30 minutes apart, providing vital ground-speed clues. She was also a member of the National Woman's Party and an early supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment. Its task was to communicate with Earhart's Electra and guide them to the island once they arrived in the vicinity. When The New York Times, per the rules of its stylebook, insisted on referring to her as Mrs. Putnam, she laughed it off. Hilton H. Railey, who asked her, "Would you like to fly the Atlantic? Bernt Balchen had been instrumental in other transatlantic and Arctic record-breaking flights during that period. In late July 1937, Putnam chartered two small boats, and, while he remained in the United States, directed a search of the Phoenix Islands, Christmas (Kiritimati) Island, Fanning (Tabuaeran) Island, the Gilbert Islands, and the Marshall Islands, but no trace of the Electra or its occupants was found. Some sources have noted Earhart's apparent lack of understanding of her direction-finding system, which had been fitted to the aircraft just prior to the flight. They were divorced about 1924. [129], In 1935, Earhart joined Purdue University as a visiting faculty member to counsel women on careers and as a technical advisor to its Department of Aeronautics. During an attempt at becoming the first woman to complete a circumnavigational flight of the globe in 1937 in a Purdue-funded Lockheed Model 10-E Electra, Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan disappeared over the central Pacific Ocean near Howland Island. [239], In 1988, The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery (TIGHAR) began an investigation and sent eleven research expeditions to Nikumaroro, producing inconclusive results. A teenager in the northeastern United States claims to have heard post-loss transmissions from Earhart and Noonan but modern analysis has shown there was an extremely low probability of any signal from Amelia Earhart being received in the United States on a harmonic of a frequency she could transmit upon. [250], Some consider TIGHAR's theory the most plausible Earhart-survival theory, although not proven and not accepted beyond crash-and-sink. [209], In 1982, retired USN rear admiral Richard R. Black, who was in administrative charge of the Howland Island airstrip and was present in the radio room on the Itasca, asserted that "the Electra went into the sea about 10am, July 2, 1937, not far from Howland". World War I had been raging and Earhart saw the returning wounded soldiers.