Thanks for stopping by and taking a look. 7th Maryland History. Nice pair of dug, stamped brass shoulder scales. Usually ships in 3-4 business days. exactly who that refers to. could be the digger, a property owner. beauty! in historic publications, you know that he has the experience, expertise and Robert Coli's Civil War Relic Room. proudly displaying his "SNY" (State of New York) belt buckle. Here at Gaithersburg, the station follows a fairly typical layout: a missile assembly building, a kennel for a guard dog, and three hulking missile silos. You can visit where British forces attempted to invade the mainland in 1776 and were repulsed by Maryland's "Flying Camp" militia. Saving the South Relics, Scott Lawrence, Brad Livengood, R odney Everhart. Slick brown patina! But the tiny state has a rather grand history. but the soldier drilled two holes on the edge of the plate so that he could Iowa is the pantry of America, giving over the vast majority of its land to agriculture and producing more corn and pork than any other state. Beautiful smooth brown face and smooth solder filled back We switched to the name American Civil War Relics & Military Antiques shortly after restructuring the business. It merely wore itself out whipping the enemy. Loaded with gold and slick! (Read more. In the arid and remote expanses of New Mexico's landscape, booms and zooms abound. is gone, other than that, it's got it all! that is stamped by it's maker "W.H. They were initially outfitted with "VMM" plates. The lot includes an 1817 Large Cent, 1775 King George copper, 1775 Spanish Reale, some worn copper coins, flat buttons and button backs, a . But where can you find hamburger recipes caught in the early 20th-century, cooked in steamers or served on toast with absolutely no ketchup allowed? Horstmann & Sons EXCAVATED CIVIL WAR $ 50.00 We've even added a couple cool places (220 feet underground or a mile above sea level) to dream about spending the night. Steve Mullinax's. (Read more. A star fort along the C&O Canal in western Maryland that protected America in three wars. cleaning. Perfect stand up shank. Maryland Civil War Relics Home Page; Maryland Civil War Relics Home Page. $ 75.00 See those green lawns? All interest payment vouchers are also duly signed and carry the bond number. Maryland has the distinction of being one of the first states to officially join the Union in 1788and as such, its played both big and small roles in various battles across the nation's history. at least some chain attached! 1/6th PLATE RUBY AMBROTYPE. Shank is intact. But for those who still do want to raise a little hell, New Hampshire has plenty of spots for devil-dealing. ARSENAL PAPER TIME FUZE PACKAGES. This fort down the Potomac from Washington, D.C. was once the only defensive fort protecting the capital. civil war artillery artifacts Winchester Virginia $85.00 0 bids $9.00 shipping 4d 13h or Best Offer Framed Civil War Artifacts $1,250.00 0 bids $21.62 shipping 5d 8h or Best Offer Civil War Relics Gift Box, Genuine Recovered Artifacts - Richmond, Va $39.99 $8.50 shipping or Best Offer Only 1 left! These are large (35mm 0r 1-3/8" tall) stamped brass, lead Since the time of European settlement, Satan seems to have lurked around every corner of the Granite State. B/M: unknown Then came the Revolutionary War, during which the fort was used to imprison British soldiers after the Battles of Saratoga and Yorktown. Enigma machinesa type of encryption deviceon view at the museum. CONFEDERATE The Continental Divide runs through Montana, separating the mountains and glaciers on the west from rolling plains to the east. Nice 22 MM Block A Coat Button!! Active volcanoes, Mount Hood among them, dominate the skyline, and the city of Portland was built atop an extinct volcano. Coat size (23mm) Backmark: Extra Studies of southern state archives uncovered No shank. (Plus rainbows. 23mm Coat size. Here are 12 places to celebrate writers or the places that inspired them. We will be updating daily or weekly. EXCAVATED SADDLE SHIELD Despite some popular support for the cause of the Confederate States of America, Maryland did not secede during the Civil War. B/M: Wm. B/M: D. E. & Co / Extra $ 175.00 H-148, Virginia 2-Piece, VA-22 As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. Maybe it's the environment, with its vast prairies and cold winters. Check out our authentic civil war relics selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. ITEM # N489 Dug US Shoulder Belt Plate. Across the state, caverns beckon. They were never actually fired in anger. The District of Columbia is home to a number of places that you need to flash the right ID to access. Mansfield, Ohio. Smooth with a really nice look, missing hooks. Internationally, the black market in stolen, faked and fantasy collectibles, which includes relics, artifacts, art and cultural items, accounts for $6 billion annually, according to former FBI Special Agent Robert Wittman, the founder and senior investigator of the FBI's Art Crime Team. These are large (35mm 0r 1-3/8" tall) stamped brass, lead plate 179 on 3 min read. The blades here are marked "W&H / If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. Theres more to the state than extraterrestrial-themed brothels and nuclear bomb test sites. the back, but the lead fill is fine. Picture Wyoming during its Wild West days. Quartermaster General Relics John Harris PO Box 1282 as everyday items from house sites, and even includes some Civil War and other Nice, smooth and almost 100% silver! TAG - It doesn't get much better than this . Harry Ridgeway has been collecting Civil War relics since a teenager, you can see from the pictures that was a long time ago. Wonderful condition, about 8-1/4" long with a 4-1/4" blade If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. painting itself, circa 1800, is about 2" wide x 2-1/2" tall, UNION .69 CALIBER CARTRIDGE BOX FOR RIFLED MUSKET, This throwback to pre-war caliber ammunition was made in Stamped brass pin with no dents, cracks or dings. Layer by Layer: A Mexico City Culinary Adventure, Sacred Granaries, Kasbahs and Feasts in Morocco, Monster of the Month: The Hopkinsville Goblins, Paper Botanicals With Kate Croghan Alarcn, Writing the Food Memoir: A Workshop With Gina Rae La Cerva, Reading the Urban Landscape With Annie Novak, How to Grow a Dye Garden With Aaron Sanders Head, Making Scents: Experimental Perfumery With Saskia Wilson-Brown, The Frozen Banana Stands of Balboa Island, The Paratethys Sea Was the Largest Lake in Earths History, How Communities Are Uncovering Untold Black Histories, The Medieval Thieves Who Used Cats, Apes, and Turtles as Accomplices. They were never actually fired in anger. But some entities that seem slated for cultural demolition are kept alive in Arkansas. At the heart of every peach rests its stone center, or pit. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. The smallest state in America is often the butt of jokes. In late September 1862, the 8,000 residents of Frederick, Maryland witnessed firsthand the cruel nature of the American Civil War. Something A Little Different.. From a Cold War bunker turned recording archive to a Styrofoam Stonehenge, these places in Virginia are more than meets the eye. At the furnace, labor from blacksmithing to forging was largely performed by enslaved people. Many of my items have been featured oh his website over the years. Civil War Relics Shopping. B/M: Still covered by dirt! Beautiful 23 MM SC 15 B 5 South Carolina Coat Button With Rose Gold!! This abandoned sea fort has become an accidental bird sanctuary. Regardless of what you call it, the Gem State is sparsely populated and unapologetically wild, and full of wondersespecially geological ones. Many of the states attractions still loom large, including a 58-foot-long blue fiberglass termite and an improbably large blue bear slumped under a lampshade. $19.95 Nice gold! May there stories. B/M: M&T / Richmond, VA smooth, chocolate brown (darker than the photo) with no damage at all! Relic condition, rusty, & lightly cleaned on the top. New York has been described as a playground for the rich and powerful, but the state's history is full of ordinary people who have overcome extraordinary struggles. Here are some of our favorite places that celebrate dinosaurs, huge animal art installations, mammoths, and a prairie dog? If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. Ornate design both sides. been protected from decay by the metal oxides off of the plate, and that is Known as the Fighting Sixth, having the most losses of all Federal commands 236 deaths and 233 wounded. Across the 50,000-odd square miles that make up the state, troves of special places are becoming concealed by rising water. As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. FARRAGUT. CONFEDERATE & SOUTHERN AGENT MARKED SHOTGUNS by Russ A. EXCAVATED As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. lead filled rosette has a smooth, dark, chocolate brown patina. The cap box is all stitched as well, with a brass finial and a single, wide $ 175.00 H-100, Virginia Cuff,VA-13Av page 335 of O'Donnell and Campbell's, The Volunteer Militia of Maine was organized in1851 and Captain David G. Farragut. ), 13551 Fort Washington Rd, Fort Washington, MD 20744, Tramp through the woods along the Potomac River, six miles south of Washington, D.C., to find a pair of monumental coastal artillery guns concealed among the leafy trees. A STATE SEAL, X 1-3/8" stamped brass hat letter "M" which is the hardest one to find! Jones of Martinsville, Pat. Pritchard, Jr. and John W. Ashworth, Jr. - Price is $ 75.00 plus shipping and insurance. 7-1/4" tall four sided cathedral pickle bottle in a nice Silver! See those green lawns? B/M: Mitchell & Tyler / Rich. South Carolina is known for its picturesque coastal cities and Southern charm. with tortise shell handles that when unfolded are about. Would-be oil barons moved in from the coasts, bringing with them the most popular style of the moment, Art Deco. The Nike missile battery W-92 is one of a slew of missile sites that were installed to defend Baltimore and Washington, D.C. against the threat of Soviet bombers from 1955 to 1974. Nice, chocolate brown with lots of original gold gilt! Sure, Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, got headlines, but the Wright Brothers were Ohioans through and through. Maryland Civil War Relics Home Page This website is dedicated to Civil War relic hunting and to the memories of all soliders who met and fought bravely on the battlefield. Dug in the Fredericksburg, Virginia area. Location. But the state has also proven fertile ground for pop culture, as well. The state of Colorado is a gold mine of natural beauty: It's famous for its picturesque deserts, dramatic canyons, and shimmering, snow-capped peaks. What you might not realize, though, is that there's a lot of fascinating science happening in Illinois. Far from being featureless, though, Kansas can be mind-bending in its own weird way. While members of the Army of the Potomac marched through their streets to join their comrades at the front along the Antietam, hundreds of wounded were already streaming back toward the clustered spires of Frederick. 23 MM NC 8 North Carolina Coat Button With S A Myers BM!! Three abandoned missile silos are hiding in plain sight behind a suburban development in Maryland. While many of the larger It turns out that no one really knows how Idaho got its name. Still has dirt over a nice, smooth dark green patina. A remarkable number of Wisconsinites have chosen this life path, and the result is a truly remarkable collection of collections scattered across the state. Approximately 3-3/8" x 1-7/8" overall. B/M: Robinsons / Extra Thanks for stopping by and taking a look. eye-witness to Washington's Inauguration reported that. Click here to enter Museum. But many of the Sunshine States coolest attractions rarely see the light of daytheyre fully underwater. See. As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. Mount Airy. It was built by the British at the start of the 18th-century French and Indian War, though it never fired a shot. Top Rated Plus. See Today, the fort is less a military installation and more an accidental sanctuary for birds, including seagulls, cormorants, and egrets. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. We provide expert consultations & valuations of your antique items. Blackford was originally from Fredericksburg and later joined the 5th AY-79 or Tice (RMDC) The Nike missile battery W-92 is one of a slew of missile sites that were installed to defend Baltimore and Washington, D.C. against the threat of Soviet bombers from 1955 to 1974. While we generically refer to all of these as ", " Bask in the wonderful corniness of these four pop-culture touchstones in the Hawkeye State. sales@acwrelics.com or give me a call at (304) 886-8200. pewter spout is lightly marked, but pretty sure it's Rohrman of From immigrant sanctuaries to the Survivor Tree, here are sites where New York has shown its resilience. Across the Evergreen State, human- and nature-made oddities are rarely far from reach. For $4,000 a month in 1943, thosegrassy areastransformed into a garden of war, with agents testing explosives in the sandtraps and conducting live-fire exercises on the fairways. Model 1860 Cavalry Saber Identified to Francis H. Anderson 2nd Missouri Cavalry, "Merrill's Horse". number of changes in 1766 including lightening the musket, reducing the size Consignments are also gladly accepted and listed promptly; afee will apply depending upon each items value. ITEMS Wrap-up. revolvers. All relics are guaranteed, authentic, and exciting! No shank, small push to face. The Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point in the Civil War, the Union victory that ended General Robert E. Lee's second and most ambitious invasion of the North. B/M: Rich Treble Gilt Shop a large selection of Civil War Artifacts with a nationally recognized Expert. EXCAVATED NEW YORK militia BUTTON, Albert example of this stamped brass hat insignia. H-102, Virginia Cuff, VA-13Av Very nice! These were found in Maryland near the town used as a staging area for the Battle of Balls Bluff. AY215 Virginia 1-Piece, VA-2 Maybe you love your cat a lotmaybe even enough to commission a little painting of your furry companion. As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. Here are eight nods to its military past, ranging from a furnace that produced George Washingtons cannonballs to an unusual museum dedicated to the U.S.'s cryptographic history. ASSOCIATED PRESS WRITER. rusted away. disc is hand engraved with a name at the top that is unreadable due to As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. is the .45 caliber cylindrical Find The Best Auctions Of Civil War Memorabilia - Military Antiques, Confederate Relics & More To Bid On AuctionZip Civil War Auctions Most Viewed Civil War Auctions Guns-Swords-Civil War & US History Items Sat Mar 18, 10:00AM Washington C.H., OH by Weade LLC, Realtors & Auctioneers View Listing View Full Photo Gallery The largest engagement of forces during the Revolutionary War in all of Maryland was in Southern Maryland at St. George Island/Piney Point. 9am - 2pm. A great display of an American naval legend! The show is one of the oldest Civil War shows in the country. Across the vast expanse of the Lone Star State are artistic testaments to some of the areas oddest characters and stories. Straight Shank, Excellent Condition. Don't forget to check back often. $ 150.00 H-60. MARYLAND BELT PLATE WITH NEW YORK G.A.R. As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. patina, with one of the iron loops remaining on the back. We thought y'all might enjoy a little eye candy. Backmark: Extra / Plate. It could be a bottle of mustard. If you are looking for something specific, please let us know and we will do our best to locate it. previous owner, signed by Howard Crouch. Later still, modern engineers attempted to corral waters with levees and dams, or to reclaim land where there had been none. The overall condition is very good with a great Civil War Relics from Gettysburg, PA. $ 20.00. reproduced in any manner without written permission. From brewing beer using the spring water of a once-infamous bathhouse to serving historic Appalachian home-cooking hot off of diner skillets, these seven Arkansan spots savor and celebrate relics of regional heritage. $ 225.00 But even in peak summer, the state is home to a stunning spread of geographic diversity and a mysterious magic that emanates from the landscapeand we dont just mean the mirages. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. I prefer to buy entire collections, which is beneficial to both the seller and the buyer. Up until the Civil War, this tiny fort was the only defensive fortification in the area. H. Smith & Co / New York Stamped brass pin with no dents, cracks or dings. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. Out of print for a (C) Document dated April 22, 1858 related to payment to an officer in a Baltimore militia company. PINS Dedicated to America's cryptology history and legacy, the museumfeatures an incomparable library of declassified books on cryptology as well as exhibits dedicated to women and Black Americanswho made significant contributions to the field. $150.00. Nice, green patina. To learn more about collecting, or being a hobbyist, These were found in the late 1970s. (or to clear up any typos or mistakes! $ 175.00 H-140, Virginia 1-Piece, VA-3 Coat size 22mm. Civil War Relics and Memorabilia as well as Historical Memorabilia from Pre-Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Mexican War, Civil War, Spanish American War to World War 2, Autographs, Guns, Swords, Currency, Buttons, Photos, GAR, UCV, Personal Items and more . The best book Nice pair of dug, stamped brass shoulder scales. Welcome to the Civil War Antique Shop ! at least some chain attached! And while the Gopher State definitely celebrates its favorite musical sons, much of the state has a musical bent to it, from a singing beach to a room so devoid of sound is makes a musical madness all its own. Since 1981, weve seen, bought, and sold it all, from minie balls and buttons to Confederate Battle Flags and cannons! $ 175.00 This is, as far as we can tell, a complete collection of cape pins, all with Tramp through the woods along the Potomac River, six miles south of Washington, D.C., to find a pair of monumental coastal artillery guns concealed among the leafy trees. plate 173 on Maryland Locations. A benign facade conceals a more volatile past. the eagle! Not For Sale! Kids and grandparents might enjoy enormous Ferris wheels, unusual geysers, or pristine parklands. 2023 Atlas Obscura. Across the state, the distant past is still within easy reach. F.A. $ 300.00 No Shank. Our goal is to offer fine Civil War items, with an emphasis on Southern photography. In New Jersey, it can be difficult to separate fact from fiction. You may also opt for registered mail for expensive items with high insurance coverage; however, it does take more time to deliver. No shank, but pretty! If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. April 22, 2023 at 9:00am-4:00pm. Even before that, at roughly the same time that the Pyramids of Giza were under construction, a tree that still survives today began taking root. and their markings, including those of Southern Agents and Retailers! B/M: Schuyler H & G The Civil War Trust has partnered with leading Civil War flag conservancies and military museums to present to you this selection of authentic Civil War flags that flew with units that fought at the Battle of Antietam. B/M: Extra / Quality previously believed. Sold! Currency, weapons, flags, uniforms, and more. This is a "dug" Civil War-era Derringer bullet. Horstmann & Sons / Phila. The address is 4560 Venture Drive, Southaven, MS 38671. The buckle It's called "I Dread the Thought of the Place" and is available for pre-order on Amazon. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. Base shows corrosion from being seated on the powder within the cartridge. buckle (CS) on belt with cap box, cartridge box (belonged to a cavalry Seventy-year-old relic hunter Gary Williams has unearthed Civil War buckles, bullets, buttons, bayonets, canteens, artillery shells and much more since he was handed his first metal detector when he was 11 years old. If you would like to use first class shipping if applicable just send me an email and I'll get you squared away. For $4,000 a month in 1943, thosegrassy areastransformed into a garden of war, with agents testing explosives in the sandtraps and conducting live-fire exercises on the fairways. Lots of gold but push in face! At the start of European settlement, 90 percent of what is now Indiana was forest. $ 175.00 H-66, Virginia 2-Piece, VA-4 Excellent burgers are available in every one of the 50 states. J I Pittman is all there and readable! Sold! $ 175.00 H-127, Virginia 1-Piece, VA-3 If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. Coat size 22mm. Co. H, 24th Virginia Cavalry. Along with the rest of the Pacific Northwest, Oregon has been shaped by volcanic activity. March 28, 2021, 7:42 AM PDT By Doha Madani A bomb squad safely deactivated a live Civil War-era piece of ammunition after it was discovered in Maryland last week. H-92, Virginia 2-Piece, VA-15 BUTTON, NC-16 Unfortunately, the cartridge box and bayonet mentioned in the tag are no During the last Ice Age, glaciers moving across the terrain had a planing effect on the land, dropping sediment that filled in any valleys, creating sprawling prairies and open, big skies. Copyright 1996-2020. the back. of the lock, and utilizing the button-head ramrod design. About 2" tall by 1-5/8" wide. From elaborate family estates to experimental art collectives, these are a few of the unique creative spaces that await in Oklahoma. Privacy Settings Etsy uses cookies and similar technologies to give you a better experience, enabling things like: basic site functions ensuring secure, safe transactions secure account login Sold! We Accept Credit Cards, Checks & Money Orders. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. EXCAVATED VIRGINIA STATE SEAL, VA-1B ON CLOTH! By inverting the buckle, he 23mm Coat size. While visiting, you can also tour the oldest lighthouse on the Potomac. Odds & Ends. Nice! If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. I know there are many of us who have waited over 10 years for this book. Quality. High convex! Maybe it all started with The Wizard of Oz. Items from his collection have been published in many different reference works on Civil War relics such as Kerksis, Phillips, Mullinax, Dickey & George, Bell, and others. B/M: Young Smith & Co / New York Nice, with wonderful, all color photography of artifacts, including military as well Seal of Maryland during the war. All matching serial #3499 on all parts with the exception of the hammer screw, #70 and the upper barrel band #3187. Approximately 1-1/8" x 1-1/4" stamped brass. The fort saw action during the War of 1812, when it was shelled by Royal Navy warships. B/M: Hyde &Goodrich / N-O. Guarantee All relics and memorabilia are guaranteed authentic relics. bar that was held only by two solder joints is missing, which is not unusual, $225.00 H-76. As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. I have my own collection, which will not be sold, but I also have an extensive inventory of Civil War relics, guns, swords, and many other items. The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of theConfederate States of Americain theEastern Theaterof theAmerican Civil War, as well as the primary command structure of the Department of Northern Virginia. June 23, 2002 12 AM PT. As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. EXCAVATED NEW YORK Winner will be selected at random on 04/01/2023. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. EXCAVATED Neat old button with a railroad track September 2-5, 2016 Digging with MarylandScott As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. condition, these packages contain the time fuses for artillery rounds. Powered by 40-pound explosive charges, these hulking guns could fire 500-pound solid cannonballs. filled with information on finding, researching, recovering, identifying and corner. forward then." Our specialty is museum quality Civil War artifacts for sale, both Union and Confederate items including artillery, swords, rifles, muskets, belt buckles, buttons, currency, images, and documents. Still has dirt over a, for an similar example of this style of plate. Here, youll find a whole cemetery devoted to hounds, a heartfelt memorial to a fish, even a statue of a pest that drove farmers batty before it also spurred them toward ingenuity. You might see in your mind's eye the granite and stark white snowcaps of Denali National Park, or the dark seas that surround 6,000-plus miles of coastline, or the muted olive of its tundra in the summer. Yet trees hold a hallowed place here. Here are some places to see the full spectrum of The Last Frontier. Our search started in early summer of 2003 along the Berryville Pike, just north of Buck Marsh. Fresh Finds. making him America's first Admiral, and it is as such that he signed the For superb pizza, most people look to New York. ), This is not an ordinary golf course. Tom Hays / 4209 Rustic Way / Kingsport, TN 37664. H-56, VMI Cuff, SU-408Av $ 250.00 H-96, Virginia Cuff, VA-13Av As the pandemic continues, we hope this virtual trip helps you explore Americas wonders. Download The FREE Maryland Civil War Trails app*: Apple Store. The cemeteries of the Bluegrass State are home to a cast of characters that includes famous folks, as well as others whose faces you know, but whose names you might not recognize. Offer subject to change without notice. What if Seneca Falls, the village that launched the fight for women's suffrage, were as famous as Niagara Falls? Any Hades we want to raise in this state, we can raise ourselves, without assistance from strangers, Webster remarks. Shipping costs vary based on the size and value of the item. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. If you do choose to venture out, please follow all guidelines, maintain social distance, and wear a mask. Antietam-Sharpsburg. B/M: W.H. About Collecting. belt, and neither was the "leather ring for musket" whatever that is. Nice! The belt We accept Cash, Checks, and Money Orders. Virginia 1-Piece, VA-3 ), 11100 Fort Frederick Rd, Big Pool, MD 21711, Up until the Civil War, this tiny fort was the only defensive fortification in the area. From an old collection dug in the 1980's, this stamped brass, Fort Tumbleweed and forttumbleweed are trademarks of Leonard Kubiak.