Lemongrass is a natural insect repellent and works as a pesticide. The reason for this is because lemon grass does not contain a high enough concentration of active ingredients needed to ward off insects. Tuetun B, Choochote W, Kanjanapothi D, Rattanachanpichai E, Chaithong U, Chaiwong P, et al. endobj The 20% oil solution of myrtle in the study conducted by Amer et al. [44] found that hairy basil oil provides 100% protection against An. For this systematic review, all eligible studies on the repellency effects of plant-based repellants against Anopheles spp. Position the pot cover inside out of the strainer and make sure that the tip is According to Fernandez (2013), it is said that some bottle of lemongrass Oviposition deterrent and skin repellent activities of Artemisia herba alba, Matricharia chamomella and Melia azedarach against Culex quinquefasciatus. repellent. 2011;1:S1248. Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. Ovicidal, repellent, adulticidal and field evaluations of plant extract against dengue, malaria and filarial vectors. Moore S, Lenglet A, Hill N. Plant-based insect repellents. Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of rosemary was reported. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Lara M, Gutierrez J, Timon M, Andrs A. PubMedGoogle Scholar. of lemongrass oil. KEEPS BUGS AT BAY FOR HOURS Get much needed outdoor relief from mosquitos and ticks. [42] also found that orange at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2, with a dose-dependent trend, has 44%, 54%, and 84% repellency against An. Phytother Res. Lemongrass. 2012;4:257. alternative insect repellent. Sritabutra D, Soonwera M, Waltanachanobon S, Poungjai S. Evaluation of herbal essential oil as repellents against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrion. Sanghong R, Junkum A, Chaithong U, Jitpakdi A, Riyong D, Tuetun B, et al. killing them. Canadian Vet J. The plant, indigenous to Europe, is now widespread in cultivation worldwide [66]. The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. Malar J 18, 436 (2019). Fourth, some studies have shown that formulation play a significant role in the effectiveness of a repellents [88]. 2. This study is limited to testing insect repellent made from applied to skin. Insect repellents: principles, methods and uses. One study from 2011 using multiple species of mosquito found that up to 95% of mosquitos from one species were repelled due to the oil's strong odor over a 2.5 hour period (2). published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Literature retrieval System of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Scopus and Google Scholar using the following Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) and keywords: (((Plant [Title/Abstract]) OR Plants [Title/Abstract]) OR herbal [Title/Abstract]) AND (botanical [Title/Abstract]) AND ((extract [Title/Abstract]) OR extracts [Title/Abstract]) AND ((essential oil [Title/Abstract]) OR essential oils [Title/Abstract]) AND (((((Insect repellent [Mesh]) OR repellents) OR repellent) OR repellence) OR repellency) AND ((Anopheles [Mesh]) OR Anopheles [Title/Abstract]). constituents of lemongrass oil are citral, geranoil, mycerence, citronellal, and Despite decades of malaria control efforts, malaria continues to be a major worldwide public health issue with 3.3 billion persons at risk in 106 countries and territories in the tropical and subtropical areas [2]. Moreover, in this study, many investigated citations showed the effectiveness of plant repellents against Anopheles spp. [47] showed that orange repels An. Durrani F, Ismail M, Sultan A, Suhail S, Chand N, Durrani Z. 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Google Scholar. To overcome this problem, it is essential to research for alternative approaches to vector control. Safe (GRAS)s list which means it is extremely safe (Gumban, 2019). [6, 52, 59], depending on the concentration of extracts and Anopheles species, was reported to be 52 to 85%. Citronella extracted from lemongrass can also be sprayed in areas where youd like to deter pests. Insect repellents may have different characteristics but serve the same purpose outbursts of insect borne diseases, dengue fever, stings and bites. limonene. First, a poorly inspected confounding aspect is the effect of sweating on the effectiveness and protection time of repellents, which are approximately all water-soluble, and this might limits the comparability of repellents. To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. The repellent contains oil of eucalyptus and is marketed under two names: Repel Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent (WPC Brands) and Fite Bite Plant-Based Insect Repellent (Travel. f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). 2012;111:224151. Wiwit Aditama Materials and Methods Department of Environmental Health, Banda Aceh Polytechnic of Health of The Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jl. 2012;15:76673. 2002;96:22531. 1997;123:37986. Another study [45] reported that clove repels An. skin. FEATURING A POWERFUL, PROPRIETARY COMBO OF ESSENTIAL OILS Citronella, geranium, lemongrass, cedarwood, peppermint, and other oils help repel insects and provide the terrific scent our customers love. This study will be conducted for the benefit of the following: For the Future Researchers that this could serve as a guide for them in case they would Distillation Process is technique used for separating substances which are Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2001;26:7682. Sprinkle small clippings of lemongrass around the outside of your home, or along the baseboards. Insecticidal Properties of Lemongrass The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. Ditzen M, Pellegrino M, Vosshall LB. Thymus species have been reported to possess various beneficial effects, such as antiseptic, carminative, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties [70]. Article 2015;114:453143. The following categories of products use botanicals or plant extracts that are applied to plant foliage. Boil it up and gather the necessary amount of lemongrass extract from the any chemical substance that may irritate sensitive skin immediately. Hence, major [41] used E. globulus essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% concentrations against An. VITJS4 crude extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. Lemongrass oil is also thought to be beneficial in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. PubMed Central Catnipisa perennial plant that belongs to the mint family, Labiatae. With that, the researchers gained Powered by Wondercides proven-to-work spray formula that repels 98% of mosquitoes, this insect repellent spray is a safe, effective control method for repelling bugs. 3 safe? Google Scholar. Scope and Delimitation This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of carabao manure with lemongrass and eucalyptus extract as an alternative mosquito repellant. Diethyl-meta-toluamide) used as active chemical component in insect repellent, are now Asadollahi, A., Khoobdel, M., Zahraei-Ramazani, A. et al. Hook. Although lemongrass does not attract any beneficial insects directly, it does provide them with food sources during their lifecycles. Efficacy of organic insecticides and repellents against brown marmorated stink bug in vegetables. about in our project. 2009;7:9204. New Delhi: Springer; 2016. p. 19. 2015;14:187. researchers wanted to study about this so that people will try to use natural (plant- REPELS & PROTECTS. 2011;72:10914. 2 0 obj more relevant and accurate data. Environment, Research Respondents, and Research Procedure. Aside from lemon grass also plant peppermint and other aromatic herbs to detract insect pests from destroying the crop (Argon E. ,2012). Rawani A, Banerjee A, Chandra G. Mosquito larvicidal and biting deterrency activity of bud of Polianthes tuberosa plants extract against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. 1st ed. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. The results of this study showed that some plants essential oils and extracts have significant repellent activity against Anopheles spp. This is another area for additional research. Rosemary isan evergreen aromatic shrub with a Mediterranean origin, which belongs to Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family [77]. The use of repellents to protect people from bites of mosquitoes previously has been acknowledged as part of an overall integrated insect-borne disease control programme [6]. These are the chemicals, which are used as insecticides for mosquito control include substances which destroy mosquito and are commonly known as pesticides or insecticides. The 20% oil solution of olive in the study conducted by Amer et al. No problem: its an anti-itch cream too. [6], with complete protection time for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing against An. Parasitol Res. Bioresource Technol. This paper . albimanus and found that all concentrations of clove provided complete repellency ranging from 1.25 to 3.55h, depending on the concentration applied. 1989;34:7796. Mosquito landing the list of EPA-GRAS, or what the Environmental Protection Agency considers 2015;8:2934. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The frequent use of synthetic repellents with chemical origin for mosquito control has disturbed natural ecosystems and resulted in the development of resistance to insecticides, resurgence in mosquito populations, and adverse impact on non-target organisms [4, 7]. ), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison) and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). 2015;114:60112. Is lemongrass oil as an insect repellent; [6] and Tawatsin et al. lemongrass oil, it should be mixed with alcohol to ensure the safety of the product when Remarkable repellency of Ligusticum sinense (Umbelliferae), a herbal alternative against laboratory populations of Anopheles minimus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). The product was able to withstand for as long as 3 hours upon repelling Process as most of the essential oils are extracted using the method. Kovendan K, Murugan K, Kumar PM, Thiyagarajan P, William SJ. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research stephensi for 3.5h. Phasomkusolsil et al. the mosquitoes and 2 hours and 30 minutes upon repelling the ants. Lemongrass is a natural pesticide. 2013;11:374411. trigger any allergies to the skin of the human subject. The studies in the last two decades have focused on the search for new natural repellents and some plants displayed good repellent activities, but few natural products have been developed so far [88, 89]. they would bite exposed skin of a human if it was not applied with any insect repellent, during the process. Karunamoorthi K, Girmay A, Hayleeyesus SF. [4]. However, studies have focused more on the search for active compounds than on optimal formulations [8, 29]. Article dirus for 4.5h [46]. Innocent E, Hassanali A. 2012;111:175769. Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites: systematic review of controlled laboratory experimental studies. Lemongrass is an excellent tool for keeping pests at bay. PubMed Yogananth N, Anuradha V, Ali MYS, Muthezhilan R, Chanthuru A, Prabu MM. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810. [6], narrow-leaved eucalyptus, lemon-scented eucalyptus, and broad-leaved eucalyptus protected against An. Although the protection time of citronella oil is shorter than that of DEET. components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. here are many ways to repel insects and mosquitoes. The repellency effect of Neem against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 2 studies. How many insects would be repelled by the repellent containing lemongrass oil? J Vector Borne Dis. Kamaraj C, Rahuman AA, Bagavan A, Elango G, Zahir AA, Santhoshkumar T. Larvicidal and repellent activity of medicinal plant extracts from Eastern Ghats of South India against malaria and filariasis vectors. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. 2012;44:7989. Human Expand View via Publisher Trongtokit Y, Curtis CF, Rongsriyam Y. Efficacy of repellent products against caged and free flying Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. 2010;106:121723. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.02 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Mosquito repellent activity of essential oil of Ethiopian ethnomedicinal plant against Afro-tropical malarial vector Anopheles arabiensis. POWERED BY NATURE, AS POWERFUL AS DEET. Pol J Microbiol. Presently, there is no effective prophylactic anti-malarial vaccine and no suitable preventive measure other than vector control is available [5]. [22], C. zeylanicum at 1mg/cm2 showed 1h protection against An. Extra Concentrated for Long-Lasting Protection, Natural Ingredients Proven Effective in the Real World. "Aside from being an important herb, lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes," revealed Dr. Manuel Mapue, Department of Health (DOH) Regional Medical Dengue. DEET-free. the skin, clothing, or other surfaces which discourages insects (and arthropods in Alayo M, Femi-Oyewo M, Bakre L, Fashina A. Larvicidal potential and mosquito repellent activity of Cassia mimosoides extracts. Lemon grass The 20% oil solution of T. minuta in the study conducted by Amer et al. <> 2016;115:180716. reduce mosquito landing around 40%. FULL SIZE FOR BEST VALUE: Our 8oz tin of No-Bite-Me cream is amazing for the seasoned traveler. All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. Additionally, this study will produce significant and relevant information for future studies regarding to insect repellent. The research subjects to be observed and experimented were the mosquitoes Citronellais an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) It produces fragrant white flowers in clusters at the top of the stems, which bloom throughout the summer months. Govindarajan et al. Furthermore, these related stephensi. What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. Thus, protection from mosquito bites is one of the best approaches to reduce the disease incidence. Parasitol Res. The result of the present study would provide knowledge and information about lemon grass as insect repellent. Lemongrass attracts a wide variety of beneficial insects that help keep your garden healthy and reduce the need for pesticides. A literature review. according to an article of new tech bio. Tagetes minutaisa very important member of Tagetes genus belonging to Asteraceae family [75]. Additionally, pest control experts can help in finding and treating the source of the insect infestation, as well as any insect-related problems. endobj depressant, at the same time antibacterial. The process of using lemongrass as a pesticide is fairly simple. Article receiving vessel. C. Making the Insect Repellent Ansari et al. Plant oils may serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic repellents in the future as they are relatively safe, inexpensive, and are readily available in many parts of the world. For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children 2010;3:6915. Acar , Kesbi OS, Ylmaz S, Gltepe N, Trker A. The researchers intend to use improvised apparatus such as a strainer, a curve pot While, in the study conducted by Govindarajan et al. Thus, plants with potential repellency properties should be tested for their possible unpleasant side effects before introducing as alternative products. Maheswaran R, Ignacimuthu S. Bioefficacy of essential oil from Polygonum hydropiper L. against mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. All concentrations of turmeric, with a doseresponse manner, provided complete repellency ranging from 4 to 8h, depending on the concentration applied. financial benefit, it is said that some bottle of lemongrass insect repellent costs - Advertisement -. Lemongrass oil has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, ants, ticks, fleas, and other pests. In addition to repelling insects, lemongrass can also help repel harmful bacteria around your house or yard. Studies have shown that different insect repellents use a similar mode-of-action. significance of lemongrass as a main ingredient for making insect repellent and how NO HARSH CHEMICALS, ARTIFICIAL PRESERVATIVES OR TOXINS Great for families and the environment. [11] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11h. Amer et al. stephensi, respectively. In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. Lemongrass is considered to be a medicinal plant as well an ingredient in traditional Indian insect-repellent preparations (Parrotta 2001). Cite this article. Annu Rev Entomol. Baskar K, Sudha V, Nattudurai G, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V, Jayakumar M, et al. In conclusion, lemongrass oil is really the important component of lemongrass Bioresource Technol. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. properties and the extracted oil is used as insect repellent. Videos for related products. The medicinal plant turmeric, which isa perennial herb, and a member of Zingiberacae family, is commonly used as a spice in human food [80]. Miele M, Dondero R, Ciarallo G, Mazzei M. Methyleugenol in Ocimum basilicum L. Cv genovese gigante. Php 40 it is highly affordable than the other chemical insect repellent that can