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Moreover, it is necessary to consider future worker safety for an indefinite period. Loss of voltage to the control circuit for the disconnecting means shall cause a supervisory signal to be indicated at the control unit and required remote annunciation. [emailprotected] It is noted that the article covers the installation of electrical equipment and wiring for elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, platform lifts and stairway chairlifts. Hydraulic elevators comprise a hydraulic reservoir, pump, cylinder, and controller. The surest means of avoiding an arc-flash hazard is to lockout and tagout the electrical service to a controller. The basic idea is that there must be a separate, dedicated circuit for car lights, receptacles and ventilation on each car. Based on the analysis, the arc-flash boundaries at the elevator/escalator controllers ranged from 3-16 in. This is somewhat broader than A17.1-2007/B44-07. All rights reserved. The article stands apart from the rest of the code in the sense it exempts these categories of circuits from the general requirements for wiring in most occupancies, found in Chapter 3. ASME A17.1 . Many new buildings are incorporating an elevator design that does not include an equipment room (sometimes called machine room-less elevators). Society of Mechanical Engineers. Corporate Office High-rise buildings pose additional concerns. 974 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<64E135C225F1064D91BC8119D14516A9>]/Index[953 36]/Info 952 0 R/Length 105/Prev 204101/Root 954 0 R/Size 989/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream NEC 2011 also addresses branch circuits for machine room or control room/machinery space or control-space lighting and receptacles. Similarly, the integrity of the traveling cable is emphasized. As mentioned, traditional installations of a traction or hydraulic elevator include a separate machine room. The feeder OCPD needs to remain closed so the remaining elevators have power and continue to function. A second door is required if the equipment is rated over 1200 amps and over 6 ft. wide. This is because the material may contribute fuel to a fire that has originated elsewhere. above the pit floor, shall: Be weatherproof (NEMA 4). Many of these are for portable lighting.). It is of great importance for the design engineer to communicate with their local authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) to determine fire alarm requirements for the respective elevator installation. [emailprotected] They are to be located so as to be protected from physical damage, are to be of a flame-retardant type, and must be part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake. The main impetus for the creation of the NEC in the closing years of the 19th century was the collective anguish experienced by insurance underwriters who were losing vast amounts of money due to liability and physical damage claims resulting from Edisons electrification of, first, Lower Manhattan and then the world. This is the area within the hoistway beneath the car, and there are occasions when elevator technicians have to work in this area for maintenance and troubleshooting. It states an elevator is permitted to be run by an emergency or standby power system. Get more of Elevator World. This may be countered by providing good machine-room ventilation. Traction elevators are typically faster and more energy efficient than hydraulic elevators, and are often used for high-rise buildings. Elevator power disconnect (with utility feed marking) located in the machine room or other permitted location David Herres David Herres holds a New Hampshire Master Electrician's license and has worked as an electrician in the northern part of that state for many years. Hazards created by water, snow or condensation in the work area can cause slips, falls and accidental contact. The code is not concerned with the efficiency or sophistication of equipment that it covers, except insofar as safety (in terms of human injury and property damage) is concerned. Electricity is often one of the initial services to fail during a storm. The branch circuit is to be protected by an overcurrent device located in the machine room, control room/machinery space or control space. Any other utilization equipment associated with the elevator 2.2.2.6 . Choose topics from a full list of courses covering electrical topics that cover what you need to know from the NEC and other electrical codes and standards. Mobile, AL 36606 USA Where necessary, it is mandated that suitable guards be provided to protect the cables against damage. You need to Subscribe to continuing reading. (Cross-sectional areas of conductors are given in Chapter 9, Tables 5 through 8. Upon loss of power, the rescuvator controls the cab, lowers it to the designated floor, and opens its doors. Next, with multiple elevator banks, the controller will usually allow only one elevator at a time to operate, reducing the amount of emergency power required. Overcurrent devices protecting these branch circuits are to be located in the machine room or similar location. In driving through commercialized suburban areas, you frequently see paralleled conductors for large retail grocers (where there is a heavy refrigeration load). 4.0 (2 Reviews) (2) CLAIMED . Conductors supplying a single motor controller are to have an ampacity not less than the motor controller nameplate current rating plus all other connected loads. : inspecting; troubleshooting; observing; etc.) The 12 definitions provided in NEC 2011, Section 620.2 are the place to start for guidance in this area, and the sections that follow lay out implementation guidelines that are very relevant in todays environment. A separate 120VAC, 15A circuit is required for cab lighting and accessories, and it must have its own local disconnect and OCPD in the equipment room as well. One way to achieve this is by paralleling wires, i.e., connecting the runs at both ends so they are physically like two wires but electrically one. Mobile, AL 36606 USA A raceway that comes loose on the inside of a hoistway could catch on a moving car, causing immense damage and hazard to users. Traction elevators are typically installed in a bank of elevators where fused switches, or circuit breakers in a panelboard are located in the machine room serving the bank of elevators. The next section, 620.36, concerns different systems in one raceway or traveling cable. NEC 2011 Article 620.21(2)(b) states that hard-service cords and junior hard-service cords that conform to the requirements of Article 400 (Table 400.4) are permitted as flexible connections between the fixed wiring on the car and devices on the car doors or gates. Have wiring identified for use in wet locations in accordance with the requirements in NFPA 70. For elevators that regenerate power back into a power source unable to absorb the regenerative power under overhauling elevator load conditions, a means to absorb this power is to be provided. Finally, typical installations and compliance with all these requirements will be discussed. You are seeing this message for one of three reasons: You have reached your limit of free content. It provides that where more than one driving-machine disconnecting means is supplied by a single feeder, the overcurrent protective devices in each disconnecting means are to be selectively coordinated with any other supply side overcurrent protective devices. Follow the manufacturers instructions and precautions. If the smoke detector at the designated landing goes into alarm, the elevator will stop at a predetermined alternate floor, which is usually the floor above the designated floor. h-`7 As for height, the working space must extend from the grade, floor or platform to 6-1/2 ft. or the height of the equipment, whichever is greater. It is important, where mandated, that there be no more than a single disconnecting means, so if emergency action is required, first responders will not be able to power down the equipment from one location. This is important as the tradition of using only time-current curves for the analysis of overcurrent device operation is usually not sufficient since the time-current curves traditionally stop at 0.01 second (not time zero). You need to Subscribe to continuing reading. The conductors must be in their original sheaths or grouped together and taped or corded. Additional branch circuits are to supply other utilization equipment not covered above. GFCIs in elevator pits During an inspection of the elevators in a commercial building, the state inspector failed us for using a GFCI-type circuit breaker to protect a receptacle in the elevator pit. A traction elevator's equipment room is typically located at the top of the building, directly over or adjacent to the shaft. The proposals resulted in adding new requirements in the 2017 NEC for: Marking the elevator controller short-circuit current rating (SCCR) by the elevator control-ler manufacturer. The traveling cable, moreover, may be run without raceway from inside the hoistway to elevator-controller enclosures and to the elevator car and machine room and similar locations outside the hoistway for a distance not exceeding 6 ft. ), a duplex 15A 120-volt receptacle in pit with ground- fault circuit protection and a 15A 120-volt Non GFCI receptacle for the sump pump. Louisiana State Uniform Construction Code Council adopts the 2014 NEC, Basic three-phase power measurements explained, Safety After the Storm Operating Portable Generators. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. If this is not done and the available fault current exceeds the elevator controller SCCR, other solutions to reduce fault current must be reviewed or equipment changes and field evaluations may be needed. If power is not being supplied to the elevator controller (e.g., open mainline fuses, etc. This equipment is restricted to that used in connection with the specific elevator, dumbwaiter, escalator, moving walk, platform lift or stairway chairlift. Many people use portable generators until power is restored. Corporate Office The code notes that elevator rails or other hoistway equipment are not to be used as the grounding conductor for lightning-protection systems. Article 620s Definitions section includes two terms that describe spaces not attached to the outside of a hoistway. We have circuited the receptacles and lights in the pits to the same circuit. This will normally require you to vent the room with a fire/smoke damper and include smoke detector signals in the control logic. These circuit breaker selective coordination tables can be used to identify the maximum fault current that a pair of circuit breakers can selectively coordinate. Other codes and standards interact with the NEC, and it is necessary to see how they all work together in order to create safe and compliant elevator designs/installations. Metallic articles: Remove metallic articles such as watches, chains, bracelets, earrings, belt buckles and keychains before troubleshooting. In all cases, the working space must permit at least a 90 opening of equipment doors or hinged panels. NFPA 72 requires the control circuit between the Fire Alarm System and the shunt trip be monitored for integrity. Be sure to provide a horn/strobe alarm in large equipment rooms because they can be noisy, isolated places. Convenience receptacles and lighting for maintenance purposes are required at the base of the pit and, in some instances (elevator manufacturer dependent), at the top of the elevator shaft. Traditional wiring methods and materials come into play, as always, but it is necessary to rethink their deployment. The simplest option is to use a shunt trip circuit breaker in either the feeder supplying the elevator or the elevator disconnect. However, space is frequently limited within the shaft and as such many ancillary components (shunt trip circuit breakers, fused disconnects) may need to be located outside of the elevator shaft. or larger, not exceeding 6 ft. in length, are permitted between control panels and machine motors, machine brakes, motor-generator sets, disconnecting means and pumping motors and valves. Another location that requires a separate branch circuit for lighting and receptacle(s) is the hoistway pit. NEC Article 620 Part IV, Installation of Conductors, contains key mandates for elevator wiring. ,l7CLHmcX9*F -{Q|^"XL`b1y]$,y *R/2Rn{\xG L*vMP.uKW,)68]Y}+ FYS1B=Q0S>Hc Lights and convenience outlets in elevator pits shall be installed to comply with the requirements of CCR, Title 24, Part 3, Article 620. APPENDIX A 2.2. When the elevator car is at the top landing, it is the length of cable as measured from the point of suspension on the car to the bottom of the loop. They are differentiated from other similar structures by the fact that they are not attached to the outside perimeter or surface of the walls, ceiling or floor of the hoistway. [emailprotected] Later in the 19th century, Thomas Edison and his associates built an electrical distribution system in Lower Manhattan. Many professionals believe the NEC is applicable only for voltages over a certain level, but that is not the case. N _rels/.rels ( j0@QN/c[ILj]aGzsFu]U ^[x 1xpf#I)Y*Di")c$qU~31jH[{=E~ See Section 3 of the. The electrical conductors and equipment for non-mine elevators that extend below grade are under NEC jurisdiction. Doors must open in the direction of travel and be equipped with panic bars, pressure plates or other devices that are normally latched but open under simple pressure. Elisha Otis safety elevator, introduced in 1853, prevented the fall of the car if the cable broke. The fan should be on a dedicated circuit. endstream endobj 954 0 obj <. Good documentation is of key importance to recalling what decisions were made and why. Similar provisions are attached to elevator-car heating and air-conditioning disconnecting means, and to other utilization equipment. The floor specified as the designated landing, which must be approved by the Fire Marshal, is usually the floor on grade level so passengers can quickly exit to the outside. Second, it must be configured so as to eliminate any chance of tangling or chafing against the inner surface of the hoistway or items mounted on it. This may include wiring for signals, communication with the car, lighting, heating, air-conditioning and ventilation of the car or hoistway for fire-detecting systems and pit sump pumps. To address this issue, Code Making Panel (CMP) 12 of the National Electrical Code acted on several proposed changes to Article 620 during the revision cycle for the 2017 NEC that deal with the proper installation of elevator controllers. Such design innovations require sophisticated wiring strategies. The various items to consider and check when designing for elevator installations have many potential pitfalls. Selective coordination is also required for multiple elevators per NEC 620.62. above the seal plate, adjacent to the ladder. Hydraulic elevators are typically more cost effective and used for buildings up to 5-6 stories. Part X, Emergency and Standby Power Systems, is simple and straightforward. A single means for disconnecting all ungrounded main power-supply conductors is required and must be designed so no pole can be operated independently. Section 620.43, Location of and Protection for Cables, provides that traveling cable supports are to be located so as to reduce the possibility of damage due to the cables coming in contact with the hoistway construction or equipment in the hoistway to a minimum. It is stated that traveling cables are to be suspended at the car and hoistway ends, or counterweight end where applicable, so as to reduce the strain on the individual copper conductors to a minimum. The disconnecting means is to be located adjacent to or an integral part of the motor controller. He is saying that each pit requires a separate circuit, in other words "dedicated". CLAIMED . Bonding of elevator rails to a lightning-protection system grounding conductor is permitted, but the conductor itself is not to be located in the hoistway. Specifically, Section 725.43 provides that overcurrent protection for conductors 14 AWG and larger is to be provided in accordance with the conductor ampacity without applying ampacity adjustment and correction factors. Such vehicles include, but are not . Many undertake trips in these devices two or more times daily in full confidence that they will survive an uneventful experience with a minute chance of disaster or even inconvenience. Many NEC articles address voltage limitations, and Article 620 is no exception. The demand factor ranges from 1.00 for one elevator on a single feeder to 0.72 for 10 or more elevators on a single feeder. For example, wiring that is under exclusive utility control and has to do with the generation and distribution of electrical power is not NEC regulated. endstream endobj startxref +90 (216) 348 4876, India Office This is typically accomplished via a shunt trip device. NEC Guidelines on Commercial Garages. Such cable groups are to be supported at intervals not over 3 ft. and located so as to be protected from physical damage. Elevator Pit Sump Pump Electrical Requirements By Nat July 30, 2022 Bulls Eye (Simplex) Receptacles: Bulls eye (simplex) receptacle for Sump pumps (now not - GFI) on a delegated circuit will be required in all elevator pits for the elevator pit sump pump. This accomplishes two functions. Traction elevators raise and lower the elevator cab with cables, a pulley system, and counter weights powered by a motor at the main drive wheel. Each of these performs a different function, and the wiring mandates vary accordingly. These selective coordination tables for current-limiting fuses show the minimum amp ratio required between a pair of fuses of a given type(s) to achieve selective coordination. It is worth mentioning that when 600 V is talked about as a limit in the NEC, it is generally meant that the familiar 600-V nominal-voltage system is considered to lie within the permitted zone, making it a common usage. As recommended in NFPA 70E, the National Elevator Industry, Inc. (NEII) commissioned an arc-flash hazard analysis (in compliance with IEEE Standard 1584-2002 for procedures for calculating the incident energy of the arc flash) by an independent consultant to determine at what level an arc-flash hazard exists to employees who work on energized elevator equipment. If the entire feeder/branch circuit assembly were to be protected in the conventional manner, the motor would cut out long before reaching operating speed. The traveling cable or raceway is also permitted to include shielded conductors and/or one or more coaxial cables. First, you'll need to install lighting in the elevator equipment room (Photo 1) and shaft pit (Photo 2). These 29 CFR 1910.146 (c) (8) requirements are: ELECTRIC PASSENGER & FREIGHT ELEVATORS ASME A17.1 2004 Electric Elevator Checklist 2004 Multi-car.doc Page 4 of 44 Page Completed for cars : - Last Updated: 8/1/05 Car Enclosure Electric 2.14 - Hydraulic 3.14 A17.1 (A17.2) COMMENTS CARS 1-6 Operating Control Devices ADA Requirements Traditionally, the electrical system design engineer has given little attention to the elevator controller. And as the designer, you can become the fulcrum on which all of these requirements and authorities exert their leverage, but an understanding of elevator basics can help you handle the pressure. The vast majority of equipment serving the elevator is located within this room (i.e., elevator controller). The lighting switch shall be located so as to be readily accessible from the pit access door. Liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit, Flexible cords and cables, or conductors grouped together and taped or corded, are permitted without raceway, where they are part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake, Flexible metal conduit, liquid-tight flexible metal or nonmetallic conduit, 3/8 in. It is of great importance that power to the various elevator functions can be quickly and reliably removed from the loads in case of emergency or for maintenance and troubleshooting. The Code provides guidance through regulations to establish requirements. ASME A17.1, Section 2.2.5, National Electrical Code, Rule 620-85 4. This is not the elevator companys responsibility. 6 feet, and shall meet the requirements of NEC 70 620.21(A)(1)(d). He had been with Eaton (Cutler-Hammer and Bussmann) since 1993 and specializes in training on the design and application of overcurrent protective devices and equipment in electrical distribution systems in accordance with the National Electrical Code and equipment in accordance with the various product standards. They must be in enclosures with doors or removable panels that can be locked in the closed position. EazyLift Elevators, Stairlifts, Wheelchair Lifts & Ramps. Similarly, underground wiring in mines is not NEC regulated, although other, non-mine wiring below ground (such as lighting in an underground traffic tunnel) is covered. Because of this, there is often a communications gap between the electrical system designer, whose design typically stops at the required elevator disconnecting means, and the architect who designs the elevator system. Marking the available short-circuit (fault) current on the controller by the equipment installer. It begins by considering metal and nonmetallic wireways. Heating and air-conditioning equipment located on the car must not be in excess of 600 V. All live parts of electrical apparatuses are to be enclosed to protect workers and the public against accidental contact. These conductors may be covered with suitable shielding for telephone, audio, video or higher-frequency communications circuits. You are a subscriber that needs to Sign In. Firefighters can then use portable telephone handsets in combination with the jacks and cabling. Reinforcing NEC 110.3(B) and NEC 110.10 to require the elevator controller marked SCCR to be equal to or greater than the calculated and All equipment in a machine room-less design is installed within the elevator shaft or exterior compartment near the elevator shaft, including the elevator controller and the elevator disconnecting means. Other requirements: Spa's and Hot Tubs 1996 NEC 15-20 Amp 120 volt Receptacle Requirements for Dwelling units: All outdoor The disconnecting means is to be in the machine room or similar location, with provision for being locked in the open position. Hint: Duct Tape to the Rescue, NEC: Air Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment Part 5. Pit drainage must be designed to eliminate a minimum capacity of 3,000 gallons per hour (or 50 GPM) per elevator car. In the event of a breakdown, that phone must automatically call a location staffed 24 hours a day. Power for the elevator controller must first enter a lockable safety disconnect device, located adjacent to the door of the equipment room. A single dedicated receptacle supplying a permanently installed sump pump does not have to be a GFCI type. ^W i word/document.xml=nr]6Id=,_$j9-"Y.iGU\h_}. NEC 70620.85 Smoke detectors to recall elevators on Phase I recall are required to be located on each landing, Where multiple driving machines are connected to a single elevator, there is to be one disconnecting means to disconnect the motor(s) and control-valve-operating magnets. To achieve flexibility and endurance, traveling cable is more finely stranded and, where possible, separated into discrete conductors. Hammurabi, sixth king of Babylon and creator of the Babylonian Empire, decreed: If a builder builds a house for someone and does not construct it properly, and the house which he built falls in and kills its owner, then that builder shall be put to death. All elevator hoistways must be equipped with a sump pit located at the rear of the elevator pit. So, we see that for elevator work, greater fill is allowed. The usual scenario for electrical injury is shock when electrical current passes through the human body. Even though Edison grasped the basic ideas of fusing and overcurrent protection, many hazards remained. No provision is to be made to automatically restore power. of the sprinkler heads. +91 8025357028, 2022 Elevator World, LLC. This strategy works to improve the flexibility of the traveling cable, but it is contrary to a general NEC rule concerning the paralleling of conductors, which is generally done in very large sizes to avoid unwieldy wire pulls and terminations. It is mandatory, as in the car, that these items have a separate, dedicated branch circuit, and the required lighting is not to be supplied through a GFCI. This requirement applies to all controllers, disconnecting means and other electrical equipment that may need servicing, inspection or maintenance. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. The panel further clarified that the marked SCCR value must be adequate for the available fault current to ensure a safe installation. !>x=yy Bvv8?~e PK ! Beginning with Article 320, Armored Cable (Type AC) and concluding with Article 398, Open Wiring on Insulators, each code-sanctioned cable and raceway is treated, ranging from the familiar Type NM (trade name Romex) to the exotic Integrated Gas Spacer Cable (Type IGS). Granle is a licensed professional engineer with Sebesta Blomberg & Associates, Rochester, Minn. https://www.facebook.com/ElectricalConstructionMaintenanceMagazine, https://www.linkedin.com/company/electrical-construction-maintenance/, ABCs Construction Backlog Indicator Down to Start 2023, The Most Popular Code Quizzes of the Week from 2021, The 10 Most Popular Photo Galleries of 2021, Whats Wrong Here? (To design and install an elevator for a Class I, Division 1 location would be quite an undertaking.). In hoistways not longer than 6 ft., these additional wiring methods are permitted: A sump or oil-recovery pump located in the pit is permitted to be cord connected. A clean and dry elevator pit and machine/control room provided (ASME A17.1 Rule 2.1.2) Machine/control room meets manufacturer's requirement of preserving ambient temperature control and humidity (ASME A17.1 Rule 2.7.9) Elevator floor covering installed with appropriate smoke and flame spread (ASME A17.1 Rule 2.14.2) One. The light switch in the pit must be mounted 42 in. Therefore, elevator equipment rooms must maintain a temperature between 50F and 90F. With these new NEC requirements, there is now the potential that an elevator controller SCCR may be required thats higher than what elevator manufacturers have historically furnished. Motor controllers are permitted outside the spaces specified above. Section 725.45 concerns the location of overcurrent devices and provides for feeder and branch-circuit taps, transformer primary side overcurrent device location and overcurrent device location at the input side of electronic power sources. You may go up to 600 V for power circuits supplying door-operator controllers and door motors, branch circuits and feeders to motor controllers, driving-machine motors, machine brakes and motor-generator sets. The condition is that all conductors must be insulated for the maximum voltage applied to any conductor within the cables or raceway system, and all live parts of the equipment must be insulated from ground for this maximum voltage. The cord is to be a hard-usage, oil-resistant type not over 6 ft. in length. Cylinders in hydraulic elevators usually aren't suitable for buildings taller than five stories. The fan should be on a dedicated circuit. Get more of Elevator World. The reason the NEC CMP 12 added these requirements, as shown in the panel statements, directly relates to the concern that elevator controllers can be installed in locations where the available fault current can be high and the inspector may not be able to clearly determine the SCCR of the elevator controller unless it is marked on the equipment. You are a subscriber that needs to Sign In. In such cases, it's economically justifiable to specify a traction type elevator. An example would be the elevator, as well as all wiring in a utility-owned administration building. A traditional elevator installation (which includes a machine room) requires access inside the elevator shaft. Related Code Sections 802.1.8 Indirect/Special Waste, Elevator Pit Drain or Sump Pump Indeed, most elevator accidents involve maintenance workers, yet even theirs is not an excessively dangerous profession. Requirements in Article 620 modify the articles in Chapter 3. Smoke detectors, which are required in all elevator lobbies and elevator equipment rooms, must be connected to the elevator controllers directly by means of auxiliary contacts and wiring, or indirectly by means of output signals from the fire alarm control panel. All Rights Reserved | Contact Us | Privacy Policy. Furthermore, at least one 125-V, single-phase, 15- or 20-amp duplex receptacle is to be provided in each machine room or similar location. They are permitted to be run without raceway when used inside the hoistway, on the elevator car, hoistway wall, counterweight, or controllers and machinery located inside the hoistway, provided they are in their original sheaths. All of these options and special wiring can be challenging depending upon the location of the shunt trip circuit breaker as well as who has responsibility for providing these additional options.