g. Actions on Contact. (4) Staggered Column Formation. The element in contact next concentrates on defining what enemy it faces. NO CHANGE B. devastating to feet! In all types of operations, contact occurs when an individual soldier, team, or section of the reconnaissance platoon encounters any situation that requires an active or passive response to the enemy. Executing the four steps allows the platoon to accomplish its mission in accordance with reconnaissance fundamentals: (1) Deploy and Report. Develop a COA 4. The vehicle commander can retrieve the operational overlay on one layer, the enemy situation template on another layer, the fire support overlay on another, and so forth. Section using traveling overwatch technique and wedge formation. He considers various possible COAs, based on well-developed TTP (including battle drills), to meet the types of contact. Wiki User. The next overwatch position (the objective for the bounding element). What are the 8 forms of contact Army? Delays may result when groups must avoid enemy contact. The platoon does not intend to engage in combat, but it is dispersed to prevent destruction in case of unexpected air or ground attack. Once they determine that the enemy in contact cannot influence them, they continue their mission with the platoon leader's approval. The platoon coil provides all-round security during halts. The six mounted reconnaissance platoon formations are line, wedge, column, staggered column, coil, and herringbone. Maintain contact and bypass. Recommend a COA to higher. Fill out this form to tell us about a new person in the home. d. Techniques. (1) When the platoon deploys and reports, it uses fundamental techniques of tactical movement (dismounted or mounted) and action drills using the terrain to ensure effective cover and concealment. Bounding overwatch can be executed using one of the following bounding methods. From this position, he establishes local security (a hasty OP) and monitors and controls the efforts of his sections or teams. The platoon must also establish a hasty defense when the enemy executes a hasty attack. (4) Move-Set Technique. (3) Pickup Points. Due to the complexity of these operations, the battalion staff and the reconnaissance platoon leader conduct detailed planning. However, troops must approach and move through them with extreme caution. Traveling, which is usually employed in secured areas, is used equally at the section and platoon levels. Position updates include, as a minimum, the locations of the platoon leader, his section leaders, and vehicles. The purpose of tactical movement is to move units on the battlefield either to initiate contact with the enemy or to reach a destination when contact with the enemy along the way is possible. It allows the platoon to cover the most ground systematically with maximum reconnaissance forward (Figure 3-3). The platoon leader must use all available optics and other assets, including GSR, to reconnoiter the open area and find a bypass, if applicable. Advisory Notice. Movement is not maneuver. The elements conduct mounted movement to designated dismount points where they organize dismounted patrols to develop the situation from a new direction. The exfiltration plan might address this situation by calling for a resupply drop of new batteries and another means of communication at a predetermined location. For example, when a section or team repeatedly misses mandatory radio contact, other elements must assume that the element has a communications problem, is in trouble, or both. What are the three forms of the defense? The element that remains in contact maintains visual contact with the enemy and reports if the enemy situation changes. (c) Maintain Contact and Bypass. To locate unobserved routes through enemy positions. See answer (1) Copy. Leaders and soldiers must remain proficient in using basic land navigation and terrain orientation skills. (3) Combination of Methods. (b) If detected by the enemy, the section or team uses a combination of mounted and dismounted reconnaissance. The platoon must conduct these halts at regular intervals (approximately every kilometer) while moving through the wooded area. The rear vehicles provide overwatch and command and control (Figure 3-4). As soon as the lead vehicle is in a covered and concealed position, the overwatch vehicle moves to an alternate firing position and occupies a hide position while trying to maintain contact with the smallest possible element. (3) Emergency Exfiltration. It conducts dismounted reconnaissance to get detailed information on enemy dispositions. To accomplish a specific task, the reconnaissance platoon itself may need to infiltrate areas occupied by enemy forces. 8 forms of contact dinocave. This See Also: Dinocave forms of contact army Show details It may use mounted reconnaissance to move additional assets into the area to support the reconnaissance element in contact. b. This is especially important when the platoon is moving through an enemy security area where enemy forces are likely to move in response to friendly activity or when the platoon expects to encounter a moving enemy force. As they develop new information, they send spot reports to the platoon leader. He ensures that the COA is within the capabilities of the platoon, allows platoon members to continue the reconnaissance as quickly as possible, and supports the commander's concept of the operation. As more than one section or team becomes involved in the situation, the platoon leader or PSG (whoever is in the best location to do so) takes control of coordinating their efforts. It uses the four steps of actions on contact (covered in detail later in this paragraph) as the foundation for these drills: b. Before each mission, the leader designates the duration between digital and analog position updates. When conducting movement in a secure area, it is appropriate to specify the order of march by SOP. Due to the volume and complexity of review, Engineering and Land Surveying applications typically take at least 12 weeks to process after all documentation has been submitted. Wooded Areas. To achieve a positional advantage to conduct reconnaissance and surveillance. Dismounted ground exfiltration is preferred when areas along the route are largely uninhabited, when enemy forces are widely dispersed or under such pressure that they cannot conduct counterreconnaissance and security operations, or when terrain is sufficiently restricted to degrade enemy efforts to use mobile forces against the exfiltrating reconnaissance unit. Section dismounted formation. (d) Execute the COA. Urban areas are ideal for effective ambush by small numbers of infantry. Locating and preparing to occupy base of fire positions, if required. They look for any other signs of enemy activity or any enemy response to the destruction of the vehicle. Drivers turn off vehicle engines, and dismounted elements move to the edge of the wooded area to observe. Visual contact (the platoon is undetected by the enemy force). The herringbone provides 360-degree security during a temporary halt from a march column (Figure 3-8). Ground reconnaissance assets use infiltration most often although aerial platforms may also employ tactics based on infiltration techniques. people C. devastating to feet-People D. devastating to feet, people. (See Figure 3-13, for an illustration of dismounted bounding overwatch.) The dismounted platoon members make contact as the lead platoon vehicle is engaged. These situations may entail one or more of the seven forms of contact: d. Summary of Actions on Contact. Preferably, the section leader uses hand-and-arm signals or digital communication within the section for command and control. After considering these factors, the leaders decide to infiltrate either mounted or dismounted. The wedge lends itself to immediate mutual support and provides depth; it is very flexible. Sneakers typically force runners to land on their heels, sending shocks throughout the body. As information becomes available, the element in contact sends a contact report, followed by a digital or analog size, activity, location, and time (SALT) report . The column offers protection to the flanks but little to the front and rear. The OPORD must clearly state whether the element will continue the mission or return to friendly lines if detected by the enemy. Once the element in contact has developed the situation and the platoon leader has enough information to make a decision, he selects a COA. What are the 8 forms of contact Army? Fighting through the enemy force is the least preferred COA. The additional graphic control measures may include routes of march, coordination points, passage points, and boundaries for subordinate units. The overwatching element then calls for protective fires and uses an alternate covered and concealed route to move to the rally point. Digital maps and overlays provide the platoon with a common operating picture of the terrain and operational graphics. The overwatching section or team provides suppressive fires, both indirect and direct (if necessary), to cover the movement of the displacing unit. The infiltration plan must provide the platoon with enough time for preparation, rehearsal, and initial movement. It is essential that the section or team left in contact understands what it needs to accomplish, who will execute the attack, and when the friendly unit anticipates being in position to receive handoff of the enemy. (1) Single-Lane Infiltration. It uses covered and concealed routes to move to a designated rally point that avoids enemy observation and provides cover and concealment. (d) Maintain Contact to Support a Hasty Attack. Physical Audio Direct Indirect Electronic CBRN Visual Civilian. Once they finish, the platoon resumes movement using its chosen movement technique. In such a case, the reconnaissance platoon leader can evaluate the situation, choose a COA consistent with his higher commander's intent or concept, and execute it without further guidance. Phase III Phase begins with: Enemy Activity: Location of Adjacent Units: Key Tasks: Leaders Recon Purpose: GOTWA: Engagement Criteria: Emplacement and Occupation of: Security - SBF - Assault - Expected Forms of Contact (DINOCAVE): Actions on Contact: (based on ENY Analysis / DINOCAVE) Recon-ORP-Targets by Phase: Casualty Collection Points . If possible, the section leader should provide his section with the following information: e. Execution of the movement techniques is described below. Initial Contact. This information is part of the mission analysis during troop-leading procedures (discussed in Chapter 2). The instructions below explain the first time setup that enables you to print a design or schematic to a PDF. Indirect fire can also provide concealment, with smoke used alone or mixed with suppressive fires. Read the following sentence, and decide whether it contains a double negative. The platoon always executes the coil from the column or staggered column, using the four-vehicle organization. DISCLAIMER: Answers from Experts on JustAnswer are not substitutes for the advice of an attorney. In conducting both mounted and dismounted movement on the battlefield, the reconnaissance platoon uses three movement techniques: traveling, traveling overwatch, and bounding overwatch. In most situations, smaller elements are better able to take advantage of available cover and concealment. Study MCCC Company Phase Exam flashcards. Exfiltration is removal of personnel or units from areas under enemy control using stealth, deception, surprise, or clandestine means. a. All leaders within the platoon must ensure that their subordinates continuously wear their night-vision devices when moving dismounted. The reconnaissance platoon and its elements may need to exfiltrate during any tactical operation or situation. However, navigation, consolidation, and command and control are more difficult. The order of march in the column may depend on which organization the platoon will use at the end of the movement; in addition, the lead section may vary based on METT-TC considerations. If necessary, the reconnaissance platoon can attack unarmored reconnaissance vehicles, such as motorcycles or Soviet-style wheeled reconnaissance vehicles (BRDMs) (Figure 3-17). The leader analyzes the terrain for routes that provide protection from direct and indirect fires and from ground and aerial observation. Direct fire engagements are normally limited to whatever actions are required to break contact. Definition. (6) Herringbone Formation. francine giancana net worth; david draiman long hair When the leader grants permission, they use covered and concealed routes back to the vehicle positions and remount the vehicles. The lead reconnaissance element (section or team) identifies an enemy element consisting of one enemy reconnaissance vehicle. The leader is then able to plan for contact and determine how to employ TTP, such as the proper movement techniques, to reduce the occurrence of chance contact. Physical contact (direct fire) with an enemy force or civilians. The platoon leader attempts to hand off responsibility for the enemy element. The platoon maintains relative positioning based on terrain and combat losses. The platoon operates with and without vehicle support, so section and platoon leaders must understand how to move and maneuver in either tactical situation. (a) Disengage from Enemy Contact. In all situations, leaders must plan exfiltration as carefully as infiltration. Primary Menu. What are the 8 forms of army contact? What is a NGB 590? This allows the platoon leader to evaluate and develop the situation while out of contact. (a) Alternate Bounds. Mounted Formations. He then employs specific reconnaissance methods and movement techniques to either avoid the danger areas or move through them as quickly as possible and with as much security as possible. Actions on Contact. The unit that moves first keeps its weapon systems oriented on the enemy. Wiki User. This method is easier to control and is more secure than alternate bounding, but it is slower. The platoon leader or PSG relays the contact report to the battalion tactical operations center and or the tactical command post (TAC CP), followed as soon as possible by a spot report and updates. Because breaking contact is a violation of reconnaissance fundamentals, the platoon leader must be sure that his higher headquarters is informed of and approves this COA (Figure 3-14). (a) The reconnaissance section or team that makes initial visual contact with the enemy deploys to covered terrain that affords good observation and fields of fire. a. Choose COA To shape the engagement area by forcing enemy elements to turn, slow down, stop, or flank themselves at . Evaluate and develop situation 3. (2) Developing the situation is a critical step in choosing the correct COA and providing an accurate, timely report to the commander. When that point is reached, the overwatch element must move out, even if the bounding element has not yet reached a position of cover and concealment. Example platoon coil formation. If the open area is very large, the overwatch element should only remain stationary until the bounding element has moved a distance equal to half the effective range of the overwatching element's weapon system. Reconnaissance forces normally conduct exfiltration via land routes dismounted when friendly lines are close or no other extraction method is feasible. Chapter 4 of this manual discusses dismounted movement techniques in detail. The system features layered overlays that allow leaders to selectively post overlays based on the tactical situation. It stops inside the wood line, ensuring it is still within the shadow line of the woods. (b) If the commander and the S2 have anticipated the enemy situation the reconnaissance platoon is reporting, they will already have addressed the contingency in the OPORD and given guidance to their subordinates on what COA the platoon should execute. (2) Terrain Factors. The principles of route selection, movement formations, and movement security are critical to the success of the exfiltration operation. The 8 forms of contact: (DINOCAVE) Direct fire Indirect fire Non-hostile Obstacle CBRN Aerial Visual Electronic What is the process of deriving peacetime training requirements from wartime missions? He also receives the commander's operations overlay to identify graphic control measures impacting on his route planning. A series of combat actions, often conducted simultaneously, taken upon contact with the enemy to develop the situation. The move-set technique of movement is simply an organized way of controlling the reconnaissance section when it moves in bounding overwatch. Troops can be garrisoned in villages, snipers can dominate approaches, and buildings and roads can be mined and booby-trapped. As the dismounted elements remount, the vehicles use their optics to visually clear the open area again. f. Examples of Actions on Contact. Many times the platoon must plan, rehearse, and execute a combination of mounted and dismounted movement. The command and control system software on the RV can create most standard graphic control measures used at platoon level. What is NGB 56? The reconnaissance platoon may have to conduct an emergency exfiltration if detected or engaged by an enemy force. b. Contingencies. c. Methods. During its move, the lead vehicle overwatches it. Read the following passage and then choose the best revision for the underlined portions of the paragraph. The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). Copy. astrosage virgo daily horoscope. Choose an example of each element, and explain how it helps make the speech effective. Each method requires specific operational considerations, and each has tactical advantages and disadvantages. What are basic infantry tactics? Coordination must include CSS activities, integration of communications, fires, passage lanes, C2, and battle handover. During infiltration using multiple lanes, the detection of one platoon's elements may alert the enemy and compromise other units in the infiltration zone. Recon the OBJ 3. In very large open areas, however, use of dismounted troops may not be feasible because of the distances between covered and concealed positions. If he decides additional assets are required, the platoon leader then orders other sections or teams not in contact to move to specific locations and assist in developing the situation. An element (normally a section or team) maintains contact while the rest of the reconnaissance platoon continues the reconnaissance mission. The amount of intelligence information available to the reconnaissance platoon leader during the planning process determines the risk involved in conducting the infiltration. Leaders may detach small security elements from the main body to provide early warning by acting as an advance guard or as guides along a route. These reconnaissance elements move to dismount points, set their vehicles in hide positions, and send dismounted patrols to multiple vantage points using dismounted reconnaissance techniques, with the emphasis on avoiding detection. See answer (1) Best Answer. Situations involving electronic warfare tactics. Deploy and report 2. It uses bounding overwatch because of the possibility of enemy contact. The following examples illustrate actions on contact in a variety of tactical situations. Do not replace operational graphics with an over-reliance on waypoint land navigation techniques. Maximum use is made of folds of the earth and concealment to mask movement from likely enemy positions. What are the 8 forms of contact Army? (b) Evaluate the Situation. Based on task organization, the reconnaissance platoon leader must carefully assess METT-TC factors before deciding upon this COA. The lead element moves continuously along covered and concealed routes that afford the best available protection from possible enemy observation and direct fire. As an example, a two-vehicle section may use bounding overwatch (Figure 3-12). In the commander's order, the engagement criteria tasked the reconnaissance section or team to engage when the enemy force consists of one wheeled vehicle or less (dismounted troops). Ask an Expert. He keeps the commander informed of what he is doing as he executes the COA. The platoon can exfiltrate by air, water, or land. Granted, barefoot running on manmade surfaces might be devastatingtofeet:people,\underline{\mathrm{devastating \ to \ feet: \ people,}}devastatingtofeet:people, after all, didn't spend 100,000 years adapting to run on blacktop and pavement. Actions on Contact. Patrols request permission to return to the platoon vehicles. c. Maps. The various techniques and formations have unique advantages and disadvantages. Figure 3-12. Position navigation (POSNAV) assists in land navigation but does not replace the need for basic navigational skills. This formation uses the two-section organization. Exfiltration pickup points for dismounted personnel should be far enough away from the OP to ensure the enemy does not hear vehicle or helicopter noises. Establishing a contact point to link up with, brief, and guide the friendly unit as necessary. They are organized using the four-step process. Infiltration plans always cover employment of indirect fires although the platoon uses them only in limited circumstances. He keeps the commander informed of his actions. Some formations work well in certain types of terrain or tactical situations but are less effective in others. Figure 3-8. (1) Line Formation. DN\underline{\color{#c34632}{DN}}DN Nancy hasnt missed no football games this year. Execute the COA 5. FM 3-21.9 provides additional information on infantry platoon dismounted formations. The battalion commander determines if the battalion moves along single or multiple infiltration lanes with forces in the infiltration lanes separated by space and time. (3) Bounding Overwatch. In this example, because the commander had specifically addressed the contingency the reconnaissance platoon has developed, the platoon leader neither makes a recommendation to his commander nor asks his permission to execute the COA. The platoon must approach hills and curves cautiously, and dismounted members must clear any dead space. This technique is appropriate because of the extremely short fields of view and the danger of dismounted ambush. (4) Rally Point. The reconnaissance platoon may select this COA when it does not have the resources to leave an element in contact and continue to accomplish its priority reconnaissance tasks. This type of operation may require the battalion to activate its escape and evasion plan or to deploy a reaction or support force to help extract the friendly elements. As the reconnaissance platoon executes reconnaissance and security missions, it will encounter routes or mobility corridors that provide access into the area between the platoon and friendly elements to its rear. D. Click the card to flip . Some revisions are not of actual mistakes, but will improve the clarity of the writing. The reconnaissance platoon may use this form of maneuver during reconnaissance and security operations and may reconnoiter passage lanes and infiltration routes before movement of the battalion. His exfiltration plan should factor in additional time that the platoon may need to react to unforeseen circumstances, such as inadvertent contact with enemy forces or unexpected restrictive terrain. When the entire platoon or section has moved back to the rally point, it consolidates and reorganizes, reports its status to the higher headquarters, and continues the mission. If necessary, the platoon can use a series of contact points, coordination points, or both, to enhance security during movement through the area. Create flashcards for FREE and quiz yourself with an interactive flipper. Dismounted traveling overwatch. Maintain contact to support a hasty attack. In addition, digital communications are to be maintained between the dismounted and vehicular elements. When moving as teams, the size of the teams makes detection less likely. Just another site. Whenever possible, the reconnaissance platoon should reconnoiter urban areas from a distance, execute hand-off to follow-on elements, and bypass if possible. The platoon must use them in conjunction with other movement- and security-related measures. What are the eight forms of contact in the military. Section using bounding overwatch technique. Extraction by air or RV (ground) is favored when the resources are available and their use will not compromise the mission. The platoon leader ensures that primary and alternate linkup points are not on a single azimuth leading away from the OP or exfiltration route. Contingency plans should address what happens if a force fails to arrive or arrives late at a rally point. This frees the platoon leader to concentrate on the subsequent mission, thus enhancing command and control. This allows for continuation of the mission and reduces the chance of any loss of combat power. The trail element moves at variable speeds, providing continuous overwatch. Known as danger areas, these are likely points of enemy contact due both to the platoon's vulnerability and to the cover, concealment, and observation these sites afford to the enemy. (2) Technology can enhance movement and route planning for operations, but platoon and section leaders must create concept sketches for briefing to the platoon. Whether the platoon plans to exfiltrate on foot, by RV, or by air, it must conduct detailed planning to establish criteria for a passage of lines to minimize the chances of fratricide. The platoon may infiltrate by sections, by teams, or as a complete platoon. The contingency plan must allow time for groups to reach the new (alternate) rally point. What is a light mortar? 2013-01-27 16:14:33. Based on the initial spot report of the reconnaissance section or team in contact, the platoon leader determines that he has located his primary reconnaissance objective. The command and control equipment available to the SBCT infantry battalion reconnaissance platoon significantly enhances the platoon's ability to conduct effective tactical movement, both day and night. Evaluate and develop the situation 3. Once deployed, the OP maintains surveillance of the avenue of approach until the rest of the reconnaissance element returns. Conduct an attack against an inferior force. Once the platoon determines the nature of the enemy it faces, the platoon leader updates the spot report. (3) During movement through a wooded area, the platoon should move using traveling overwatch. This problem increases with the addition of position updates and friendly and enemy icons during the mission. If the element makes visual contact but is not detected, it should continue the mission. It is used when speed is important and enemy contact is not likely. The lead vehicle advances to a point (first move) where it can support the advance of the overwatch vehicle. The reconnaissance platoon uses this technique only when an analysis of METT-TC shows that only one lane is feasible. Each vehicle has a particular position to occupy in the coil. An effective exfiltration plan is essential for mission accomplishment and morale. Terrain considerations may also affect the choice of movement technique. The reconnaissance platoon should develop a coil SOP based on its mission-essential task list (METL), war plans, and most frequently used organizations. When the enemy force reaches the OP disengagement criteria (the point at which the OPs must displace or risk detection and engagement by the enemy), the OPs pass off responsibility for tracking the enemy to other OPs in depth. (3) The leader plots waypoints on easily recognizable terrain and on significant turns on the route for ease in navigation. In most cases, planning for an exfiltration operation begins at the same time as planning for the infiltration (or other tactical operation) that precedes it. In general, infiltrating elements should use digital communications as the primary means of communications. Infiltration on a single lane (Figure 3-19) is the least desirable technique because it requires all infiltrating groups to move at intervals on the same lane. Whenever possible, dismounted members should reconnoiter the entire wood line before mounted movement to the wooded area. Army Doctrine Publication 3-90 Chapter 2-59 reads, "There are eight forms of contact: visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic." To help with remembering all eight, the initialism "DINOCAVE" is sometimes used. In most cases, the reconnaissance platoon can not or should not mass its combat power to defeat an enemy force. Based on this evaluation and further guidance from higher, he can then maneuver the platoon out of contact and make contact either on his own terms or as directed by the commander.