File:CENTRAL SECTION, MILLIONAIRE'S ROW (DUPLICATE OF HABS No. For information about reproducing, publishing, and citing material from this collection, as well as access to the original items, see: Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record/Historic American Landscape Survey (HABS/HAER/HALS) Collection - Rights and Restrictions Information, If an image is displaying, you can download it yourself. As he got more money, he developed a community for his workers. A group of wealthy people from Philadelphia wanted a cemetery outside the city. It was installed in 1883 at the Soldiers' Home of Philadelphia burial plot in Mount Moriah Cemetery. Widener. Available also through the Library of Congress web site in two forms: as facsimile page images and as full text in SGML. [12], In 1836, the cemetery purchased a group of three sandstone statues from Scottish sculptor James Thom, known as Old Mortality. After three days of battle and 60,000 casualties, Meades army forced the Southern forces to retreat. . funeral rites & ceremonies, - 3 (July 1987): 275-304. Copyright 2023 Pixels.com - All Rights Reserved. The land Smith purchased for the cemetery in 1836 had previously served as, among other things, an estate and a boarding school. CAD ($) Opened in 1836, the cemetery hugs the banks of . By the 1920s, a suburban exodus to "the Heights" east of the city illustrated that the very prosperity created by the denizens of Euclid Avenue ultimately displaced their grand homes. [9] The mission of the Friends is to assist the Laurel Hill Cemetery Company in preserving and promoting the historical character of Laurel Hill. A bridge was built over Hunting Park Avenue to connect Central and South Laurel Hill. Touch device users can explore by touch or with swipe gestures. James Jared Tracy Jr. held at least 28 patents, many of which were rooted in Cleveland's bustling automotive industry. He had the faculty of observing wherein a familiar tool or implement or machine was defective; the genius to devise the means to improve it, and the handicraft skill to do the manual work necessary to carry his own device into effect. GBP () Is the item digitized? With all the Autumn colour in the trees, it was a rather beautiful spot for a wander even regardless of the history and funerary sculpture. The cemetery features a special section, nicknamed Millionaires Row, for all of the most wealthy residents that it holds. Nonetheless, the institution ultimately placed property rights above public access. Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as Laurel Hill Cemetery doubles as a Hollywood movie set video. Today, the Meade Society perpetuates the tradition with a graveside service and champagne toast on Meades birthday, December 31. This 1844 map of the cemetery shows many features of the Sims estate still intact, including the mansion located above the circle of the formal Shrubbery or Medallion garden. Most of its storied past is preserved solely in photographs, which have the power to take us back in time to see the nations most expensive neighborhood of yore. In its heyday, locals compared this lavish lane to the Parisian Avenue des Champs-lyses. Sign up for our newsletter for exclusive deals, discount codes, and more. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. Explore. His home was razed in 1926, fifteen years after his death. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. The original planner of the Laurel Hill Cemetery was interested in botany and planted over 2,400 trees that are now mature and scattered across the property, as well as concentrated in arboretum-like copses. PA-1811, Laurel Hill Cemetery sculptures, Association for Public Art website, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laurel_Hill_Cemetery&oldid=1142680429, Exotic Revival, Gothic, Classical Revival, In 2009, Laurel Hill was a movie location for the films, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 20:25. 1255. McDannell, Colleen. We take great pride in the fact that hundreds of thousands of artists have chosen Pixels to fulfill their orders, and we look forward to helping you select your next piece! Then, hed whack it with a hammer and break it. Millionaire's row. 1930 photo, a Laurel Hill worker cleans the family mausoleum of George W. Childs (1829-94), one of Philadelphias leading book and newspaper publishers. This led him to knock out most of his competition in Philadelphia. Historic American Buildings Survey, Creator, et al., photographers by Smalling, Walter, Jack E Boucher, and Joe Elliott. Afrikaans| Alemannisch| | | azrbaycanca| Bikol Central| | ()| | | brezhoneg| catal| etina| Cymraeg| dansk| Deutsch| Zazaki| | English| Esperanto| espaol| eesti| euskara| | suomi| franais| Frysk| Gaeilge| galego| | | hrvatski| magyar| | Bahasa Indonesia| Ido| italiano| | | | | Ltzebuergesch| latvieu| Malagasy| | | Bahasa Melayu| Malti| norsk bokml| | Nederlands| norsk nynorsk| norsk| polski| portugus| portugus do Brasil| romn| | sicilianu| davvismegiella| slovenina| slovenina| shqip| / srpski| svenska| | Tagalog| Trke| | | | | | | | | +/. He had one other priceless quality; he was not above doing with his own hands any of the labor incident to his trade. The monument design styles include Classical Revival, Gothic Revival and Egyptian Revival made out of materials such as marble, granite, cast-iron and sandstone. The cemetery is 74-acre (300,000m2) in size and overlooks the Schuylkill River. Begun in 1836, it is the earliest known work of John Notman, an important nineteenth-century architect and landscape designer. The tombs used by the Full Moon Killer in the opening chapter of Dayfall. Millionaires Row. There are over 33,000 furbulous monuments at which to marvel as you walk, from Millionaires' Row with its huge granite tombs, to the . Laurel Hills success sparked a rural cemetery boom. Review of Thousand Islands. He also spearheaded the use of kerosene stoves. Before the founding of Laurel Hill, most Philadelphians were buried in one of three places, depending on their social and economic status. Since 1995, Edinburgh's Old and New Towns have been listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. PA-1811-44) - Laurel Hill Cemetery, 3822 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA | Library of Congress Photo(s): 90 | Color Transparencies: 17 | Data Page(s): 118 | Photo Caption Page(s): 10 Skip to main content Library of Congress Search All products are produced on-demand and shipped worldwide within 2 - 3 business days. Great prices too and a huge selection. Described as the richest and most influential woman in the 19th century of Northeast Philadelphia by an old clipping shown by Yaster, Mary certainly knew what she was doing. A.V. Following the Great Depression, the decline of Millionaires' Row was rapid. Our wholesale buying power allows us to offer frame prices which are typically 25 - 40% less than retail frame shops. a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate. He loved Atlantic City so much that he built a lumberyard and a brickyard and he got his friends to invest in Atlantic City, Yaster explained. Laurel Hill Cemetery Association in Saco 293 Beach St Saco, ME 04006 (207) 282-9351 Click to show location on map Zoom About Laurel Hill Cemetery Association The caring memorial service directors at Laurel Hill Cemetery Association provide specialised funeral solutions designed to meet the needs of every family. As the visitor moved from the gatehouse on Ridge Avenue (at the bottom of the plan) west toward the Schuylkill River (at top), the landscape grew more wooded and natural, culminating with a series of terraces sloping down to the river. Post #1 (General George Gordon Meade) held an elaborate memorial service at Meades grave on Memorial Day, as shown by this photo from May 31, 1901. Laurel Hill Cemetery,Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA. By the 1840s, Laurel Hill had become one of Philadelphias lions, an attraction which every visitor had to see. All framed prints are assembled, packaged, and shipped by our expert framing staff within 3 - 4 business days and arrive "ready to hang" with pre-attached hanging wire, mounting hooks, and nails. "Henry Dis Linda is an author (L.C.Bennett Stern), blogger and backyard birder, who loves living in a small town on the East Coast of the United States. The school converted it into a women's dormitory from 1943 until it was razed in 1951. For the gatehouse, Notman designed a massive Roman arch framed by an imposing classical colonnade, and topped by a large ornamental urn. Anna Justina had left behind several million dollars to help found such a hospital. The statues are based on a tale by Sir Walter Scott and depict Scott talking to Old Mortality, an elderly man who traveled through the Scottish Highlands re-carving weathered tombstones, along with his pony. Within three days, his army was engaged in battle with Robert E. Lees Army of Northern Virginia at Gettysburg. . To minimize crowds, Laurel Hills managers closed the cemetery to all except lot-holders on Sunday, the one day when working-class Philadelphians would be free to visit. This home was said to have been so large that the servants could not perform their jobs well because it took so long to get around (and can you imagine trying to keep so much space clean?). Spawned by a New Jersey Quaker's interest in horticulture, commemoration, and elite enterprise, it is an essay in Victorian taste and mores. Founded in 1836 as an alternative to the overcrowded churchyards of rapidly growing Philadelphia, Laurel Hill Cemetery was the first rural cemetery for the city and the second in the United States. Francis E. Drury, its owner, is said to have created the first internal-gear lawn mower. In 1863, the manager purchased the middle property, naming it Central Laurel Hill. It contains over 11,000 family lots and more than 33,000 graves, including many adorned with grand marble and granite funerary monuments, elaborately sculpted hillside tombs and mausoleums. We stock over 250 different frames which can be used to create museum-quality masterpieces from any print. An impressive Millionaires Row, the resting place of many famous elite families of Victorian Philadelphia.I hope you enjoyed this short video of this beautiful place. The Magee name has been used for a street name in Northeast Philadelphia, but its better known for its rehabilitation center that took years to build. An on-site chapel was a necessity, since many ministers would not perform funeral ceremonies there, either because of the distance from the city or because they were upset over the loss of burial fees for their own churchyards. The Religious Symbolism of Laurel Hill Cemetery. Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.111, No. Together the couple saw his business expand. I welcome you to stop by frequently to see updates to my portfolio. Please use the following steps to determine whether you need to fill out a call slip in the Prints Rising 100 feet above the river, Laurel Hills well-drained soil made it ideal for a cemetery. The most comprehensive, authoritative reference source ever created for the Philadelphia region. The summit across which Jon chases the killer. Sir You must know, that it is above ten years since I left the District Circular. Historic American Buildings Survey, C., Notman, J., Sidney, J. C., Smith, J. J., Brown, F., Dunn, N. [] Wunsch, A. V., Smalling, W., Boucher, J. E. & Elliott, J., photographer. One of these grand homes belonged to the banker, financier, and philanthropist Daniel Parmelee Eells. In 1869, John Jay Smith, the founder of Laurel Hill Cemetery, purchased 200 acres from three farms in nearby Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania for the creation of West Laurel Hill Cemetery. Laurel Hill Cemetery sits on a hillside above the Schuylkill River and covers a huge expanse of land. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, . ", Historic American Buildings Survey, Laurel Hill Cemetery, HABS No. As in its earliest days, Laurel Hills natural beauty and serenity continue to render it a bucolic retreat nestled within the citys limits overlooking the Schuylkill River. They were all first class passengers, many of whom have memorials along "Millionaire's Row" in the cemetery. This 1885 Victorian Gothic must have been stunning throughout its five floors. Based on a tale by author Sir Walter Scott, the group shows Scott talking to Old Mortality, an elderly man who traveled through the Highlands, recarving weathered graves. ", In 1844, due to increasing popularity, Laurel Hill purchased the 27-acre former estate of jurist William Rawle, half a mile south and named it South Laurel Hill. This is like a palace, Yaster said. In this ca. In many cases, the originals can be served in a few minutes. Greiff, Constance M. John Notman, Architect. Henry Disston Monument on Millionaires' Row at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia Framed Print by Linda Stern. Building/structure dates: 1844 Subsequent Work, - [20] The first burial occurred in 1870. In 1977, Laurel Hill Cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places[5] and in 1998, became the first cemetery in the United States to be designated a National Historic Landmark. The Woodlands, Laurel Hills chief competitor for Philadelphias upper crust, was founded on the Hamilton estate in West Philadelphia in 1840. As Laurel Hill's visitation statistics fueled the Victorian crusade for urban parks, lot-holders built higher fences and managers wrote more restrictive rules. Shown above is the bridge built over Nicetown Lane (today Hunting Park Avenue) to connect South Laurel Hill (at left) and Central Laurel Hill (at right), with the Schuylkill River in the background. In an editorial upon the death of Henry Disston, the pubic Ledger of March 15, 1878, said, in part:
"He was one of the men whose works have made our city famous for the superiority of the products turned out from our workshops, foundries, factories and laboratories. [2] Notman designed the gatehouse which consists of a massive Roman arch surrounded by an imposing classical colonnade and topped with a large ornamental urn. Its characterized by a row of mausoleums that lead down a curved road. Following the decline of Millionaires' Row, his home was acquired by Fenn College. Don't forget to visit my shop for Historical Cemetery Photography Note CardsAvailable at https://olvera-art-shop.myshopify.com#olveraartshop #cemeterymonuments #hauntingplaces #eeriestories #cemeteryexplore #spookycemetery #scaryplaces #cemeteryangel #explorephiladelphia #laurelhillcemetery #explorepennsylvania James Magee served as the president of the Pennsylvania Railroad until his death in 1878. Historic American Buildings Survey, Creator, John Notman, James C Sidney, John Jay Smith, Frederick Brown, Nathan Dunn, William Strickland, et al., Smalling, Walter, Jack E Boucher, and Joe Elliott, photographer. View details, map and photos of this single family property with 4 bedrooms and 3 total baths. This private mausoleum was built in 1999, and she ended up passing away a few years later. You'll receive your first newsletter soon! Original file (2,048 1,359 pixels, file size: 442 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg). All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. All laurel hill cemetery artwork ships within 48 hours and includes a 30-day money-back guarantee. Pennsylvania -- Philadelphia County -- Philadelphia. The cemetery managers purchased a statuary group known as Old Mortality from the Scottish sculptor James Thom and placed it in the central courtyard, within a Tudor enclosure designed by Notman. [4], By the 1970s, Laurel Hill Cemetery had fallen out of favor as a burial site. Oct 24, 2012 - Laurel Hill Cemetery Philadelphia PA Millionaires Row. John Jay Smith planted 800 trees and shrubs, creating the lush landscape seen in the ca. The photograph may be purchased as wall art, home decor, apparel, phone cases, greeting cards, and more. A new project highlights the architecture and landscape of Laurel Hill Cemetery with nightly illumination. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. The Houses of Millionaire's Row (14th Ave E) Millionaire's Row is a historic street in Capitol Hill, Seattle, where notable citizens built their homes in the early part of the 20th century. The stories of the Magee and Disston families show that Laurel Hills past doesnt just stop dead at its gates. JPY () [22], In 1973, Laurel Hill updated its policy and removed the prohibition on the burial of African-Americans in the cemetery. Printed Ephemera Collection; Portfolio 152, Folder 16b. Looking for design inspiration? In 1880, Childs and Drexel developed the suburban community of Wayne on the Main Line. Follow Backgrounders on Twitter It is near the Schuylkill River. Today Laurel Hill stands as a landmark in the history of American architecture, landscape, and marketing. This article is about the Philadelphia cemetery. Watch. Laurel Hill was located on the east bank of the Schuylkill River nearly four miles above the citys northern boundary of Vine Street. Mary had been from Leeds Point, N.J. She had been described by Yaster as always having been in love with the ocean. Laurel Hill is one of the few cemeteries in the nation to be honored with the designation of National Historic Landmark, a title received in 1998. The lingering beauty of the Francis Drury Mansion, 1941. 3 (July 2006), pp.283-297. Born in 1825, Eells became the president of the Commercial National Bank and was worth . The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong. It was known as Millionaire's Row, a 11/4 mile stretch along Pasadena's South Orange Grove Boulevard that was previously named one of the seven most handsome streets in America. If they had horrible injuries, you taught them how to live with their horrible injuries, Yaster said. Years before Philadelphia had a public park, art museum, or arboretum, Laurel Hill Cemetery served in all three capacities. As soon as it arrives, we'll issue a full refund for the entire purchase price. Quakers, - It was called Tacony, Yaster said. The arboretum is a member of the American Public Gardens Association. In 2013, the statue was installed and rededicated in Laurel Hill Cemetery. millenarianism, - At the top of the mound is a towering obelisk done by Vladimir Oslou for the centennial of Cypress Lawn in 1992. This goodwill, however, was not universal; Euclid Avenue's most infamous resident, con artist Cassie Chadwick, was a Canadian-born woman who defrauded banks out of millions of dollars by passing as the illegitimate daughter of Andrew Carnegie. If you do not see a thumbnail image or a reference to another surrogate, please fill out a call slip in Choose your favorite laurel hill cemetery designs and purchase them as wall art, home decor, phone cases, tote bags, and more! He conceived the idea of Laurel Hill when he was unable to locate the grave of a young daughter at the Arch Street Meeting House. Once again, another gorgeous piece of art for my home! The wealth in this neighborhood was unparalleled. It lingered until 1959, perhaps waiting to witness the expansion of the many colleges at which Eells was a trustee. Constructed in 1876, this grand Victorian Villa was among the last remnants of Millionaires' Row to be razed. In the autumn of 1835 he joined forces with former mayor Benjamin W. Richards, druggist Frederick Brown, architect William Strickland and merchant Nathan Dunn, to plan the creation of Philadelphias first rural cemetery. Subscribe to my channel, I upload videos 3x a week. record ("About This Item") with your request. She has a love of travel and does so frequently, though she believes that home is where the heart is she continues to work in and around Cleveland as a digital content specialist to this day, working on everything from commercial scripts and social media posts to grassroots marketing initiatives. In an era when cities suffered from crowding, disease, and scarcity of public space, Laurel Hill offered an "alternative environment." The Yellow Fever Monument was built in this section in 1859 to honor the "Doctors, Druggists and Nurses" who helped fight the epidemic in Portsmouth, Virginia. Laurel Hill Cemetery,Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, PA. Pennsylvania Philadelphia County Philadelphia, 1933. Gary Walts | gwalts . (2,048 1,359 pixels, file size: 442 KB, MIME type: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0, Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International, User:OgreBot/Watercraft/2016 September 14, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Bestbudbrian, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:M._Ehret_Mausoleum_on_Millionaire%27s_Row,_Laurel_Hill_Cemetery.jpg&oldid=541446075, National Register of Historic Places with known IDs, Images from Wiki Loves Monuments 2016 in the United States, Images from Wiki Loves Monuments 2016 in Pennsylvania, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, FBMD01000a9c0d000051940000b2760100b88501008ba10100716202006bff0300931f0400ca450400037204004ae60600. John Jay Smiths inability to locate his daughters grave there, after construction on the adjacent meeting house, was a major impetus in his decision to found Laurel Hill. One of America's earliest Rural Garden Cemeteries, Laurel Hill serves the city of Philadelphia as one city's most historic burial grounds. Magee Rehabilitation is still open and continues to serve as a expanded rehabilitation center for new amputees to even those with spinal cord injuries. The Bishops Avenue, also called 'Billionaires' Row' is home to 66 sprawling mansions, ranging in style and value. Among those reburied at Laurel Hill were Continental Congress Secretary Charles Thomson (1729-1824), taken from his wifes Lower Merion estate, Harriton; David Rittenhouse (1732-96), astronomer and first Director of the Mint, removed from his family farm in Germantown; and Hugh Mercer (1726-77), hero of the Battle of Princeton, whose remains were disinterred from under the central aisle at Christ Church and transported up the Schuylkill on a funeral barge. [25], Laurel Hill Cemetery is also an accredited arboretum with over 6,000 trees and shrubs representing 700 species. If only black-and-white ("b&w") sources are listed and you desire a copy showing Available also through the Library of Congress web site in two forms: as facsimile page images and as full text in SGML. The organization was instrumental in Laurel Hill Cemetery's placement on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 and designation as a National Historic Landmark in 1998. Many owners converted their mansions into boarding houses, which only furthered the decline of this stunning neighborhood. Laurel Hill East & West combine to create 265-acre arboretum and outdoor sculpture garden rich in cultural and social history. Smith decided to open the cemetery after witnessing the macabre state of the period's graveyards: overcrowding, disorder, and . In 1844, Godeys Ladys Book noted that Laurel Hill served as the resting place of our most responsible families in every walk of life. By then, more than 900 families owned lots there. The Mountain View Cemetery is a 226-acre (91 ha) rural cemetery in Oakland, California, United States.It was established in 1863 by a group of East Bay pioneers under the California Rural Cemetery Act of 1859. For other uses, see, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, "NPGallery Digital Asset Management System", "The burial ground of Marian Anderson crowdfunds to preserve Black history", "The Silent Sentry will now stand watch in Laurel Hill Cemetery", "Rocky Gets Right: How Creed (and Michael B. Jordan) Give the Boxing Franchise New Life", "Why does Rocky's wife get a tombstone at Laurel Hill? Love Cleveland? GBP () These images of Clevelands automotive industry will leave you in awe. More than a cemetery, Laurel Hill became an outdoor art museum and tourist attraction and provided a prototype for Fairmount Park. Currency:USD ($) His life didnt turn around much until he met his second wife, Mary. 18-ene-2014 - Millionaires' Row, Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia, PA. 18-ene-2014 - Millionaires' Row, Laurel Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia, PA. Pinterest. Contributor: Laurel Hill Cemetery Company - Hamilton, John M - Struthers, William - Maples, Joseph - Hopkins, Griffith M - Michael Diemer & Son - Smith, R Morris - Wunsch, Aaron V - McArthur, John - Neff, James P, W . Interments include jazz saxophonist Grover . Smith decided to open the cemetery after witnessing the macabre state of the period's graveyards: overcrowding, disorder, and . I love Troy's paintings/pictures. That is, until one tries. But by the time the courts had finished with the will and found the appropriate spot to build it, World War II broke out and there was no building. kswanson@cleelum.gov. Touch device users, explore by touch or with swipe gestures. B. Survey number: HABS PA-1811, - Philadelphia, PA: The Athenaeum of Philadelphia, 1979. Old Mortality was the first thing seen by visitors to Laurel Hill after passing through the gatehouse. NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION LAUREL HILL CEMETERY Page 1 1; The Meade Post Dispatch Fall 2019 [PDF] Philadelphia Area Jewish Genealogical Resource Directory; Green Space in the Gritty City: the Planning and Development of PhiladelphiaS Park System, 1854-1929; 2016 Laurel Hill Cemetery Tour Guides By the early twenty-first century, thousands of visitors each year attended public programs at Laurel Hill, including concerts, theatrical performances, photo workshops, films, ghost hunts, car shows, astronomy nights and walking tours. color or tint (assuming the original has any), you can generally purchase a quality copy of He also spearheaded the use of kerosene stoves. The location chosen was Belle Air Avenue (now Belair Road), on a hill long used as a burial ground for free and enslaved servants of local landowners. Please note - Pixels does not reimburse the outgoing or return shipping charges unless the return is due to a defect in quality. https://www.loc.gov/item/pa0961/. Photo(s): 6 | Color Transparencies: 1 | Photo Caption Page(s): 2, Historic American Buildings Survey - Boucher, Jack E, Photo(s): 12 | Color Transparencies: 2 | Measured Drawing(s): 3 | Data Page(s): 34 | Photo Caption Page(s): 2, Ienulescu, Irina Madalina - Arzola, Robert - Sloan & Hutton - McGrath, James - Lavoie, Catherine C - Price, Virginia Barrett - Schweitzer, Elaine - Yarnall, Hibberd - Boucher, Jack E - Hutton, Addison - Larkin, Cleary - Historic American Buildings Survey - Willard, Kelly, Photo(s): 58 | Data Page(s): 23 | Photo Caption Page(s): 3, McArthur, John - Walter, Thomas U - Ord, John - Robinson, Cervin - Tyler, Richard - Boucher, Jack E - Smalling, Walter - Historic American Buildings Survey - Siemiontkowski, Patricia a - Powell, William Bleddyn, Measured Drawing(s): 16 | Data Page(s): 45. A third beneficiary of Laurel Hill was its principal founder, John Jay Smith. Its decline began in 1910, when an increase in population led to a rise in taxes. Before the creation of Golden Gate Park, the cemetery was a favorite spot for family outings . such as microfilm or copy prints? the Library of Congress because of rights considerations, but you have access to larger size images on adaptive reuse, - Today. Not only did these intellectual men bring industry and philanthropy to the city, but they also brought with them an elite culture of glamour and elegance.