An additional and no less important advantage to the T-Cell is that it acts as a training ground for future platoon sergeants. In 1957, the 1st Company of "Force" Recon Marines was formed, and the 2nd Company Force Recon was formed in June 1958. Tout cela au sein d'une ambiance conviviale et chaleureuse. But while they may be training, the MEU are capable of projecting fully forward deployed operational task forces. But Hamblen didnt want to just remain a Marine, he wanted to return to Force Recon. Marine Corps Reference Publication (MCRP) 2-1C. Geschichte. During the "Individual Training Phase", the candidates are undergoing the accession pipeline to become qualified MOS 0321 (Reconnaissance Marine). Marine Corps Warfighting Publication (MCWP) 2-1, This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 18:09. This culling process was necessary because of the broad range and nature of Force Recon deep reconnaissance and direct action missions. The equipment items carried into the field are usually cameras, scopes, and most importantly communications. Horizontal & Vertical Cargo Carrier Securing Straps. In order to become designated as FRC personnel, a Marine must make it through Force Reconnaissance Company "Mission Training Plan"/"MTP". The remainder were sent to Khe Sanh where they developed the intelligence of a large enemy buildup, that was the prelude to The Hill Fights that occurred in April 1967. Assist in specialized engineer, NBC, radio, mobile and other unique reconnaissance missions, MET 3: Conduct Initial Terminal Guidance (ITG) for helicopters, landing craft and parachutists, MET 4: Designate and engage selected targets with Force Fires and other operations to support battlespace shaping. Bien que couramment considre comme les forces spciales de l'USMC, la Force Recon n'est pas intgre dans l'United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). Infantry Rifleman Course Infantry Training Battalion, HRST Master Course minimum two per platoon, Dive Supervisor Course minimum two per platoon, LAR V Technician Course two per platoon, Advanced Long Range Communications Package (3 weeks) It is conducted by the Company Communications Section. Plus, it was formed to modulate between the LLSL and MFF without having to consort to a different pack. [16] It is used in conjunction with the training and exercises that are conducted by the Marine Expeditionary Units for their "Special Operations Capable" certification. The 1st Force Reconnaissance Company of the United States Marine Corps was a Force Reconnaissance unit that organized, trained, and equipped reconnaissance units to support the I Marine Expeditionary Force. But Hamblen was determined to stay in the Corps come hell or high water. [7] The company departed South Vietnam in August 1970. The company patrolled the area north of Highway nine to the DMZ, while the Battalion Company was targeted south of Highway Nine to the Thua Thien border. This includes terminal guidance of precision-guided munitions, MET 5: Conduct post-strike reconnaissance to determine and report battle damage to a specific target or area, MET 8: Conduct insertion / extraction of reconnaissance forces in support of recon operations, MET 9: Conduct other operations as directed by the supported commander, This page was last edited on 22 October 2022, at 02:19. Two recon Marines serve as radiomen in the team. All trademarks are property of their respective owners in the US and other countries. Die Ursprnge der Force Reconnaissance liegen in den Experimenten mit einer spezialisierten Aufklrungseinheit des USMC in Camp Pendleton auerhalb von San Diego, Kalifornien, im Jahr 1954.Drei Jahre spter wurde dieses Team in die bereits bestehende amphibische Aufklrungskompanie integriert und die 1st Force Reconnaissance Company formiert. By early May 1965, the 2nd Platoon had joined 1st Platoon with the Subordinate Unit #1 and both platoons were assigned to the United States Special Forces A-Team, A-103, conducting specialized reconnaissance and combat raiding missions. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company conducts amphibious reconnaissance, deep reconnaissance, battlespace shaping and limited scale raids . In 2010, 2nd Platoon was deployed to the Gulf of Aden along the Somali coast to assist the 15th Marine Expeditionary Unit in recapturing the MV Magellan Star. Force Reconnaissance (FORECON) is one of the United States Marine Corps' special operations capable forces (SOC) which supplies military intelligence to the command element of the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF). Threat Weapons include assault, automatic and mobilized weapons. 1st Force Recon Company was deactivated 26 October 2006 and the majority of the . Their efforts proved that gaining the knowledge of the enemy before a major operation was crucial to safeguarding the men, and provided better operational planning. This is the main difference and separation from Division Reconnaissanceall FORECON operators are required to be parachutists. The Navy UDT were tasked with providing the same, but from off the coastline to the littoral, or adjacent beach areas. Third Force was placed under command of The Third Marine Expeditionary Force and operated in general support of IIId MAF until deactivated in mid-1970. Showing only the slightest limp, Hamblen did so within 40 seconds, well within the qualifying time. After the creation of Marine Special Operations Command (MARSOC) on August 11, 2006, it marked the United States Marine Corps' first commitment to the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM). La 3rd Force Reconnaissance Company a pour mission d'effectuer des reconnaissances pr-assaut et post-assaut lointaines pour l'appui d'une force de dbarquement. Article by: Patrick A. Rogers The Marine Corps 1st Force Reconnaissance Company The following is the second part of a 3 part article spanning 4 issues of The Accurate Rifle. Force Recon will train with other Special Operations forces, such as United States Navy SEALs, United States Army Special Forces, and United States Air Force Pararescue, in order to master all skill sets. Many Marine Corps 'training liaisons' represent the Marines at many cross-services schools, to ensure training slots and openings are met and filled by the Marines that requested, or were recommended, for advanced training. The second phase of the MTP also takes place during the MEU's PTP Initial Training Phase. [citation needed]. It's been ten short years since a small group of infantrymen and Force Reconnaissance Marines waded through waves of fire to clear a town of the evil men that infested it. [16] Force Reconnaissance Marines established observation posts and conducted motorized patrols along the Kuwaiti Border. [20][21][22] 3rd Platoon, deployed in support of the 15th MEU went ashore during the invasion and participated in the battle of Nasiriyah[23] and supported the rescue of PFC Jessica Lynch[24], In 2004 a Force Recon Platoon deployed in support of the 11th MEU participated in the Battle of Najaf and a platoon was attached to Regimental Combat Team 1 for Operation Phantom Fury, commonly known as the Battle of Fallujah. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. To quit, to surrender, to give up is to fail. For reconnaissance element at the division level, see, "Force Recon" redirects here. By early May 1965, two platoons were assigned to U.S. Special Forces A-Team, A-103, conducting specialized reconnaissance and combat raiding missions. The first phase in FORECON's Mission Training Plan takes place within the MEU's Initial Training Phase.[5]. They are capable of operating independently in combined methods of amphibious and ground operations by utilizing methods of conventional and unconventional warfare in defense of the United States. The 1st Force Reconnaissance Company is the deep reconnaissance and direct action unit of the USMC.It appears in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare during the American campaign.. In-game Missions "Charlie Don't Surf" - Invasion of Makkah Coast. The Korean War introduced the new concept of using rotary-wing aircraft to the Marine Corps in combat employment for logistics and rapid troop transport. Force Recon companies continue to operate and focus primarily on direct action, intelligence gathering and maritime raid operations in the visit, board, search, and seizure (VBSS) role. U.S. Marine Corps photo. During the late 1990s and early 2000s, 1st Force Recon Company trained in a variety of locations during their Unit Training Phase. The Vietnam War was where 1st Force Recon conducted their first combat operations. [2] In 2008 Delta Company, 1st Recon Company was redesignated the I MEF Force Reconnaissance Company and given its own Marine Command Code (MCC). During his months-long recovery period, gangrene set into his left leg and it had to be amputated below the knee. It was formed from the Reconnaissance Platoon of Marine Corps Test Unit#1 that was assigned to take over the guideon of 1st Amphibious Reconnaissance Company, that was under command of Captain "Cycle . All rights reserved. Once a Force Recon operator has finished deployment, they have a decision to make. The company (-) dropped to a not combat ready readiness status. Operation Desert Storm was launched in January 1991. Training is ongoing and continuous, and functions as if it were a loop. RECON MISSION: The mission of Force RECON is to conduct amphibious reconnaissance, deep ground reconnaissance, surveillance, battle-space shaping and limited scale raids in support of the. The III MEF's 31st MEU in Okinawa is to be used as a contingency for reinforced support of an area spanning from southwest Asia to the central Pacific. Flyer's Kitbagused to carry operator's rucksack, ammunition, communications, etc. The next day, the battalion cased its colors and redesignated it as 1st Force Reconnaissance Company. He was rushed to the base hospital where doctors desperately worked to save his life. Dwight Jon Zimmerman La phase 1 forme et value les stagiaires dans les comptences de base requises pour tous les Raiders marines. Due to these changes, FORECON has been detached and reported to multiple commanders of Marine divisions, the Command Elements (CE) of the Marine Air-Ground Task Forces, and the immediate commander of the Marine Expeditionary Force (MEF). Find 1st force reconnaissance company images dated from 2015 to 2016. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company was activated on 19 June 1957 with Bruce F. Meyers as its first Commanding Officer. Upon arrival at Dong Ha in early May the Commanding Officer assumed command of Third Recon Battalion (Forward), which had reconnaissance responsibility for all of Quang Tri Province except the Khe Sanh TAOR (Tactical Area of Operations). [3] Like Division Recon (also known as the Marine Recon Battalions), they employ a mixed element of amphibious reconnaissance and ground reconnaissance. Key Hole patrols were designed purely around reconnaissance and surveillance; usually lightly equipped and armed with defensive weaponsevasive techniques were employed to break contact from the enemy should the need arise, avoiding contact with the enemy was paramount. Tlcharger cette image : TATS-UNIS Le sergent d'tat-major de l'arme Jared Ennis, 1st Bataillon, 171st Aviation Regiment, Tennessee National Guard, instruit les soldats de la 1171st Medical Company, Michigan National Guard, et de la 477th Medical Company, tats-Unis Les rserves de l'Arme de terre, Duluth, Minnesota, propos des patients mdicaux chargs froid et chaud . A combined patrol from Ba To was attacked on the night of 16 December and three Marines, a Green Beret Sergeant, and 10 members of the Civilian Irregular Defense Group (CIDG) were killed. Some equipment only fits the needs for one particular mission over another. Since they are "bringing the fight to the enemy", they do not rely on camouflage as stealthy action is not a factor in these situations. Faircount Media Group. This phase takes place during the MEU's PTP Intermediate Training Phase. [3], 1st Force Recon Company conducted nine Mission Essential Tasks (METs).[4]. Force Recon teams located enemy armored units and utilized artillery and Close Air Support to interdict them[17], In 1993 7th Platoon deployed with the 15th MEU and conducted amphibious reconnaissance along the Somali coastline. During its beginning formation within the 1st Marine Division, 1st Force Recon conducted sustainment training in obstacle clearing for landing zone preparation in support of early-Marine Corps helicopter-borne operations; and other mission-essential amphibious reconnaissance, parachute insertion, and pathfinder tasks. This caused him to swing into contact with the lower wires that carried 12,000 volts. Third Force continued that operational commitment until the Third Division left country in November 1969. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company conducts deep reconnaissance and direct action raids in support of I Marine Expeditionary Force requirements across the range of military operations to include crisis response, expeditionary operations and major combat operations. [6] These companies, for a few times in their existence, had either folded into the Marine Division, its Regiment's Recon Battalions, or dissolved entirely to only resurface during conflicts, or when other similar reasons had arisen.[2]. The unit's first major missions took place during the Vietnam War, include the reconnoitering of Cam Ranh Bay to determine its . This force-level reconnaissance element was not re-established until the early 1950s, when the Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalions were assembled for preliminary operations in Korea. This argument becomes clear on whether Marines may, or may not, actually attend the Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL training (BUD/S). On 1113 November 1994, the Force Recon Marines aboard the 13th Marine Expeditionary Unit conducted a Maritime Interdiction Operation/Visit Board Search and Seizure (MIO/VBSS) mission aboard the Honduran-flagged merchant vessel Ajmer, which was in violation of United Nations sanctions on Iraq. [26] Platoons participated in numerous campaigns during this time to include Operation Matador in the city of Al Qaim,[27] and Operation Sword in the town of Hit.[28]. The US Marines 1st Force Reconnaissance Company in Vietnam Command Chronologies & After Action Reports. U.S. Marine Corps photo. Honor, Perseverance, Spirit and Heart. However, MCTU #1 were testing methods of inserting reconnaissance teams "deep" into the battlefield. Physical fitness, mental attitude, and high ethicsThe title of Recon Marine is my honor. It was formed from the Reconnaissance Platoon of Marine Corps Test Unit#1 that was assigned to take over the guideon of 1st Amphibious Reconnaissance Company, that was under command of Captain "Cycle" Michael Sparks. At the end of Phase 2 Training, the platoon is completely stood up in all aspects of the long-range reconnaissance mission. 1st Force Recon CO Addresses New Recon Marines by SOFREP May 5, 2015 Share This: Major Byron Owen, the CO of 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, recently addressed BRC Class 3-15. The obsolete pathfinding operations were taken over by the newer beacons and homing devices.[15]. At first, the concept was to be formed into a "Force Recon Battalion"this battalion would have as many 'force recon' companies as there were division-wing MAGTFs in the Marine operating forces. While Force Recon is afloat, they still remain focused on their self-disciplined training sessions. What makes Force Recon unique from Division Recon, and the other SOFs, is the career style that is being placed in the Force Recon company structure. Prior to the deactivation, General James Mattis, the MEF Commanding General at the time, transferred two Force Recon platoons to 1st Reconnaissance Battalion and activated the Deep Reconnaissance Company. Les hommes des Force Recon utilisent comme arme lgre principale le fusil d'assaut Colt M4 ou le M16A4, modifi par l'ajout de nombreux accessoires (lance-grenades, viseur, silencieux). No True Glory: Fallujah and the Struggle in Iraq: A Frontline Account by Bing West, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Streamer, United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance Mission Training Plan, "1St Force Recon Company Deactivates Marine Corps Association", "Force Reconnaissance Marine Corps Association", "Marine Corps Special Operations: A Brief History The History Reader", "1st Force Reconnaissance Company Defense Media Network", "Strong Men Armed: The Marine Corps 1st Force Reconnaissance Company by Patrick A. Rogers", "Marine Force Recon in Vietnam and the Killer Kane Operations Defense Media Network", "U.S. Marines In Afghanistan, 20012002: From the sea", "MEU(SOC)s in OEF-A Special Operations Forces and Operation Enduring Freedom Defense Media Network", "U.S. Marines In Iraq, 20042005: Into the fray", "USATODAY.com Marine recon teams have risky role as first forces into Iraq", "USATODAY.com War plan often rapidly adjusted, posing greater risks for U.S. Marines", "15th MEU (SOC) Marines 'withdraw' 14 million Iraqi dinar at Nasiriyah", "The Covert War: Secretive trio discuss role in Lynch rescue", "U.S. Marines In Iraq, 20042008: Anthology And Annotated Bibliography", Marine widow travels to Vietnam and finds her MIA husband's F-4 jet crash site who was supporting 1st Force Recon, Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps, Seapower and Projection Forces subcommittee, United States Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1st_Force_Reconnaissance_Company&oldid=1117503388, United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance, Companies of the United States Marine Corps, Wikipedia references cleanup from February 2012, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from February 2012, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles needing additional references from February 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with failed verification from February 2021, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Marine Corps, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, MET 1: Plan, coordinate and conduct amphibious / ground reconnaissance and surveillance to observe, identify and report enemy activity, and collect other information of military significance, MET 2: Conduct specialized reconnaissance. Following therapy in getting used to moving around with his prosthesis, in September 1963, he took the physical course needed to qualify for Force Recon. The Marine Corps also has Marine Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC) Raider Battalions that were originally composed of Marine Special Operations Teams formed from Force Recon platoons (Det One) in 2006. Two different mission types emerged during the Vietnam War, which is still implemented in the Force Reconnaissance motives today: Key Hole and Sting Ray. To be a Recon Marine is to surpass failure; To overcome, to adapt and to do whatever it takes to complete the mission. [5] The Maritime Special Purpose Force (MSPF) was designed for IHR missions for the Marine Expeditionary Force's (MEF) subordinate Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable) (MEU (SOC)) in its stead. Threat Weapons Familiarization Package (1 week) Concludes "knowledge of weapons" with identification and operation of threat weapons used by adversaries of the United States. The Marine Corps has seen fit to train versatile specialists rather than specialists in individual areas of combat. The parachutist equipment is stored in the Force Reconnaissance's Parachute Loft. The rest of the Force Recon Company (its remaining two platoons, 4th and 5th Plt.) Espaol - Latinoamrica (Spanish - Latin America), http://forum.magtf-xray.com/viewtopic.php?f=35&t=1275, http://forum.magtf-xray.com/viewtopic.php?f=35&t=1276. Force Reconnaissance- 2d Reconnaissance Battalion. But as important as those decorations are, arguably 1st Force Recons most important contribution was in the development of many of the special operations tactics in use today. The three Force Reconnaissance companies of I, II, and III MEF are currently the only active components of force-level reconnaissance; whereas the 3rd and 4th FORECON are the Selected Reserve force reconnaissance assets available to augment and reinforce the Fleet Marine Force. Force Reconnaissance Company is 1st Reconnaissance Battalions designated unit for all of 1RB's Special Operations capable personnel. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company conducts amphibious reconnaissance, deep reconnaissance, battlespace shaping and limited scale raids in support of I Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF), other Marine Air Ground Task Forces (MAGTFs) or a Joint Force. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company | 364 followers on LinkedIn. For black operations, the Marines carry weapons that are more of the close-quarter combative use; grenades, carbine rifles, sub-machine guns (SMGs), and any tool to use for breaching barricades and doors. Prsentation La 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, est un clan dtenant des joueurs souhaitant jouer Arma III de manire raliste et immersive au sein des parties et des thtres d'oprations fictifs ou rels. On Sept. 21, 1962, at Camp Pendleton, then-Staff Sgt. Facilities, cadre and equipment for training were provided by Second Force. This article is about the reconnaissance element at the task force level. Operation Safe Departure was conducted as a precautionary measure to ensure the safety of American citizens in the midst of a heated border dispute between Eritrea and Ethiopia. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, I MEF, Assistant Team Leader San Diego County, California, United States. This new-found capability gave reconnaissance Marines the advantage of operating further behind enemy lines.[12]. This package is built for Marines to give them confidence and knowledge to apply medical attention to themselves or others while operating in hazard environments whether they are engaged in combat or not. Thus, epitomizing the infamous Marine Corps slogan, "force-in-readiness". They were developing and performing innovative clandestine insertion methods before the Navy SEALs, and the Army's "Green Berets", such as the submarine locking -in and -out methods, and underwater "blow-and-go" ascents. Deep reconnaissance, also known as green operations, include amphibious reconnaissance; deep ground reconnaissance; battlespace shaping; and covert surveillance. Beacons for helicopter guidance, laser designators for the guidance of ordnance, laser rangefinders, and many more were tested. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en lamliorant (comment?) Seal of the 1st Force Reconnaissance Company, The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of, Marine Expeditionary Unit (Special Operations Capable) MEU(SOC), United States Marine Corps Total Force Structure Management System. Another innovation was the insertion of troops from hovering helicopters through a thick forest using rappel lines. However, on average, approximately 50% of the platoon will leave, their time in Force having expired.[5]. As the term, Weapons and Tactics Package (3 weeks) Involves 5,0008,000 rounds fired from the. Even in its formative days in the Marine Corps Test Unit#1, the operators and testers of the Naval Parachute Unit (NPU) at El Centro had tested and sported numerous parachutes, adding modifications and suggestions that soon were adopted by other parachutists. The Mission Training Plan has five phases, and is based on a two-year platoon cycle. The 75th Ranger Regiment 's Regimental Reconnaissance Company (formerly known as Regimental Reconnaissance Detachment, or RRD) is an elite special operations force that has been a member of Joint Special Operations Command since 2005. Shortly, they were joined by the platoon that had come in country with 1/26. 1st Force Reconnaissance Company. In many cases, foreign maritime forces alike participate in joint exercises or training maneuvers, such as the Royal Thai Marine Corps, British Royal Marines, and Australian Forces. It is used to minimize injuries in landing due to heavy load of equipment. This is the official Facebook page for 1st Force Reconnaissance Company. Il faudrait changer le lien d'accs au forum pour les nouveaux .. Valve Corporation. Major Meyers tested various innovative techniques for the 'Recon Platoon' and evaluated their results for use in parachuting and pathfinding missions, in addition to using its heliborne and aircraft wing assets to add 'deeper' reconnaissance penetration capabilities. 6 talking about this. In the past, early Force Reconnaissance companies in the Marine Corps had made numerous titular changes to its table of organization (T/O), so much so that it can be difficult to describe its primary command structure in detail. Ce concept d'emploi reut le nom de code Stingray[4]. selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. [19] The recon operators get the chance to train in unfamiliar urban areas and maritime structures.[5]. They are used for the high-altitude MFFs (HAHO or HALO) and LLSL parachute operations. 1st Force Recon Company conducted nine Mission Essential Tasks (METs). The Single Action Release Personal Equipment Lowering Equipment (SARPELS) provides easy access to their weapons and equipment upon parachute landing and has a single-action release capability. [13], The 11th MEU Force Reconnaissance Platoon supported a Non-combatant evacuation operation in Asmara, Eritrea, on 6 June 1998. Amphibious Training Package (2 weeks) While Marines were introduced to amphibious reconnaissance from the BRC, the T-Cell outlines the Amphibious Training package before they are attached to a MEU(SOC), this package refines their ability to conduct amphibious operations, and conventional and selected maritime special operations capabilities incorporating all their skills for Marines to work as a team. In the mid-1950s, they used the T-10, then later adopting the Capewell canopy release which provided a cut-away to reduce the deadly effect of drag. It can be front or rear mounted, whichever is preferred. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. MAG-TASK FORCE /X-RAYHEADQUARTERS, TACTICAL OPERATION CENTERBASE CAMP PENDLETON, CALIFORNIA, USA_______________________________________________________________InformationAnciennement 82nd Airborne Division, des suites de la runion entre le cadre administratif de la Marine Air-Ground Task Force/ X-Ray de la semaine 01, nous avons convenu une date d'ouverture dfinitive de la structure portant ainsi sur une possible ouverture de la cellule d'enrlement et de recrutement de celle-ci dans les prochaines heures qui suivront cette information.En effet, depuis son premier engagement au sein de la communaut franaise du jeu de simulation ArmA III, le cadre administratif essaye de fournir tous ses personnels une exprience unique en terme de facteurs de responsabilits ainsi que de proposer un contexte de jeu des plus ralistes ainsi qu'unique que notre communaut n'ait encore jamais vue et atteindre jusqu' maintenant. These practices subsequently became contemporary as deep reconnaissance or green operations; and direct action, which are known as black operations. More common in today's infrastructure, much of the intelligence-gathered information is sent to and processed by the Marine Expeditionary Force's "Surveillance, Reconnaissance, and Intelligence Group" (SRIG). Although Force Recon has never been part of the United States Special Operations Command, their missions slightly differentiate them from other United States Special Operations Forces units. It appears that all non-Russian helicopters in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare are operated by the United States, particularly the USMC. Part I : January 2000 Volume 3 Number 12 Part II: February 2001 Volume 4 Number 1 Part III Section 1: April 2001 Volume 4 Number 3 Part III Section 2: May 2001 Volume 4 Number 4 The Accurate Rifle 222 McKee Street . L'aprs-guerre jusqu'au dbut du Vit Nam est une priode qui voit l'introduction de procdures nouvelles par rapport la Seconde Guerre mondiale et d'intenses exprimentations: sortie/r-entre de sous-marin en plonge et qualification parachutiste, chute libre, systme Fulton "skyhook", et saut en parachute depuis des avions raction F3D Skyknight et A3D Skywarrior[3].